Django结合websocket实现分组的多人聊天
其他地方和上一篇大致相同，上一篇地址点击进入,
改动点1：在setting.py中最后再添加如下配置：
# 多人聊天
CHANNEL_LAYERS = {
"default":{
"BACKEND": "channels.layers.InMemoryChannelLayer"
}
}
因此完整的settings.py文件如下：
"""
Django settings for ws_demo project.
Generated by 'django-admin startproject' using Django 4.2.
For more information on this file, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/topics/settings/
For the full list of settings and their values, see
https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/
"""
from pathlib import Path
# Build paths inside the project like this: BASE_DIR / 'subdir'.
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
# Quick-start development settings - unsuitable for production
# See https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/howto/deployment/checklist/
# SECURITY WARNING: keep the secret key used in production secret!
SECRET_KEY = 'django-insecure-&62q15t&-it1jwy4o^&xsh(!fj3cm)#7=r+z12yw3j@x@kox2x'
# SECURITY WARNING: don't run with debug turned on in production!
DEBUG = True
ALLOWED_HOSTS = []
# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
'django.contrib.admin',
'django.contrib.auth',
'django.contrib.contenttypes',
'django.contrib.sessions',
'django.contrib.messages',
'django.contrib.staticfiles',
"channels", # 添加channels
"app01.apps.App01Config" # 添加app01
]
MIDDLEWARE = [
'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]
ROOT_URLCONF = 'ws_demo.urls'
TEMPLATES = [
{
'BACKEND': 'django.template.backends.django.DjangoTemplates',
'DIRS': [],
'APP_DIRS': True,
'OPTIONS': {
'context_processors': [
'django.template.context_processors.debug',
'django.template.context_processors.request',
'django.contrib.auth.context_processors.auth',
'django.contrib.messages.context_processors.messages',
],
},
},
]
WSGI_APPLICATION = 'ws_demo.wsgi.application'
# Database
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#databases
DATABASES = {
'default': {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
'NAME': BASE_DIR / 'db.sqlite3',
}
}
# Password validation
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#auth-password-validators
AUTH_PASSWORD_VALIDATORS = [
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.UserAttributeSimilarityValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.MinimumLengthValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.CommonPasswordValidator',
},
{
'NAME': 'django.contrib.auth.password_validation.NumericPasswordValidator',
},
]
# Internationalization
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/topics/i18n/
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'en-us'
TIME_ZONE = 'UTC'
USE_I18N = True
USE_TZ = True
# Static files (CSS, JavaScript, Images)
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/howto/static-files/
STATIC_URL = 'static/'
# Default primary key field type
# https://docs.djangoproject.com/en/4.2/ref/settings/#default-auto-field
DEFAULT_AUTO_FIELD = 'django.db.models.BigAutoField'
ASGI_APPLICATION = "ws_demo.asgi.application"
# 多人聊天
CHANNEL_LAYERS = {
"default":{
"BACKEND": "channels.layers.InMemoryChannelLayer"
}
}
2、app01下view.py中的内容如下：
from django.shortcuts import render
# Create your views here.
def index(request):
qq_group_num = request.GET.get("num")
return render(request, 'index.html', {"qq_group_num": qq_group_num})
3、index.html中的内容如下：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>Title</title>
<style>
.message {
height: 300px;
border: 1px solid #dddddd;
width: 100%;
}
</style>
</head>
<body>
<div class="message" id="message"></div>
<div>
<input type="text" placeholder="请输入" id="txt">
<input type="button" value="发送" onclick="sendMsg()">
<input type="button" value="关闭连接" onclick="closeConn()">
<input type="button" value="重新建立连接" onclick="connect()">
</div>
<script>
var socket = null;
function connect() {
socket = new WebSocket("ws:/127.0.0.1:8000/room/{{qq_group_num}}/");
// 连接完成以后 客户端自动触发
socket.onopen = function (event) {
let tag = document.createElement("div")
tag.innerHTML = "连接已建立"
document.getElementById("message").appendChild(tag)
}
// 回调函数 当服务端有消息发送到时，自动触发
socket.onmessage = function (event) {
console.log(event.data);
let tag = document.createElement("div");
tag.innerText = event.data;
document.getElementById("message").appendChild(tag)
}
// 当连接关闭时，触发
socket.onclose = function (event) {
let tag = document.createElement("div")
tag.innerHTML = "连接已断开"
document.getElementById("message").appendChild(tag)
}
}
function sendMsg() {
let tag = document.getElementById("txt")
socket.send(tag.value)
}
function closeConn() {
// 向服务端发送断开连接
socket.close();
}
connect()
</script>
</body>
</html>
consumers.py中的内容如下：
from channels.generic.websocket import WebsocketConsumer
from channels.exceptions import StopConsumer
from asgiref.sync import async_to_sync
class ChatConsumer(WebsocketConsumer): # 继承WebsocketConsumer
def websocket_connect(self, message):
print("有人进行连接了。。。。")
# 有客户端向后端发送 WebSocket 连接的请求时，自动触发(握手)
self.accept()
# 获取群号，获取路由匹配中的群号
group = self.scope["url_route"]["kwargs"].get("group")
# 将这个客户端连接对象加入到某个组里边（内存 or redis） async_to_sync 将异步方法转换为同步方法
async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_add)(group, self.channel_name)
def websocket_receive(self, message):
# 浏览器基于 WebSocket 向后端发送数据，自动触发接收消息
print(message)
group = self.scope["url_route"]["kwargs"].get("group")
# # 一对一聊天
# if message["text"] == "close":
# self.send("服务端主动关闭连接")
# # 服务端主动关闭连接
# self.close()
# self.send(message["text"])
# 通知组内的所有客户端，执行xx_oo方法，在此方法中自己可以去定义任意的功能 下边是xx.oo没问题
async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_send)(group,{"type": "xx.oo","message": message})
# 为组内的每个人回复消息
def xx_oo(self, event):
text = event["message"]["text"]
self.send(text)
def websocket_disconnect(self, message):
# 客户端向服务端断开连接时，自动触发
print("连接断开！！")
group = self.scope["url_route"]["kwargs"].get("group")
async_to_sync(self.channel_layer.group_discard)(group, self.channel_name)
raise StopConsumer()
其他无变化，结果展示如下：
以上两个属于同一组(num值相同) 所以能相互间接收消息，而下边这个和上边不属于同一组所以接收不到上边的消息
原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/jjw_zyfx/article/details/144410226
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