自学内容网 自学内容网

知识见闻 - 数学: 均方根 Root Mean Square

What is Root Mean Square (RMS)?

在统计学上,均方根(RMS)是均方的平方根,而均方是一组数值的平方的算术平均数。均方根也称为二次均值,是指数为 2 的广义均值的一种特例。均方根也被定义为基于一个周期内瞬时值的平方积分的变化函数。

Statistically, the root mean square (RMS) is the square root of the mean square, which is the arithmetic mean of the squares of a group of values. RMS is also called a quadratic mean and is a special case of the generalized mean whose exponent is 2. Root mean square is also defined as a varying function based on an integral of the squares of the values which are instantaneous in a cycle.

Root Mean Square Formula / 均方根公式

下面给出了均方根的计算公式,可以得到一组数据值的均方根值。

The formula for Root Mean Square is given below to get the RMS value of a set of data values.

对于涉及 {x1、x2、x3,....}的 n 个数值组,有效值为 Xn},均方根取值为:

For a group of n values involving {x1, x2, x3,…. Xn}, the RMS is given by:

在区间 T1 ≤ t ≤ T2 中定义的连续函数 f(t) 的计算公式为:

The formula for a continuous function f(t), defined for the interval T1 ≤ t ≤ T2 is given by:

周期函数的有效值总是等同于函数单周期的有效值。连续函数的均方根值可以近似地认为是一连串间隔均匀的实体的均方根值。此外,不同波形的均方根值也无需微积分即可计算。

The RMS of a periodic function is always equivalent to the RMS of a function’s single period. The continuous function’s RMS value can be considered approximately by taking the RMS of a sequence of evenly spaced entities. Also, the RMS value of different waveforms can also be calculated without calculus.

How to Calculate the Root Mean Square

计算一组给定值的均方根的步骤如下:

步骤 1:求出所有数值的平方

步骤 2:计算所得平方的平均值

步骤 3:最后,求平均值的平方根

Steps to Find the Root mean square for a given set of values are given below:

Step 1: Get the squares of all the values

Step 2: Calculate the average of the obtained squares

Step 3: Finally, take the square root of the average

Solved Example

Question: Calculate the root mean square (RMS) of the data set: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9

Solution:

Given set of data values: 1, 3, 5, 7, 9

Step 1: Squares of these values

1, 9, 25, 49, 81

Step 2: Average of the squares

(1 + 9 + 25 + 49 + 81)/5 = 165/5 = 33

Step 3: Take the square root of the average.

RMS = √33 = 5.745 (approx)

参考:

1,BYJU'S

Root Mean Square (RMS) - Definition, Formula and RMS Error


平方平均数

平方平均数(英语:quadratic mean),又称均方根(或方均根,root mean square,缩写为RMS),是均方(一组数字平方的算术平均数)的平方根,是2次方的广义平均数的表达式,也可叫做2次幂平均数。其计算公式是:

在连续函数的区间内,其均方根定义为:

参考:

平方平均数 - 维基百科,自由的百科全书


RMS在电路中的应用

RMS用于表征电路中的有效电压和电流,其可以等效于直流电压或电流来表示波形的真实功率。RMS值提供了一个统一的标准,以表示信号的幅值,使其与直流信号的行为进行比较。尤其是在交流电路中,RMS值用于计算信号的有效值,即使用者通常会看到的等效直流值。

我们常说的交流电220V其实就是RMS值,峰值需要乘以√2。


原文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/guoqx/article/details/143956784

免责声明:本站文章内容转载自网络资源,如本站内容侵犯了原著者的合法权益,可联系本站删除。更多内容请关注自学内容网(zxcms.com)!