openEuler 24.03 (LTS) Mysql 二进制安装

🕗 发布于 2024-12-09 13:36 mysql 数据库

写在前面

博文内容为 openEuler 24.03 (LTS) 版本 mysql 8.4 二进制安装教程
理解不足小伙伴帮忙指正 😃,生活加油

99%的焦虑都来自于虚度时间和没有好好做事，所以唯一的解决办法就是行动起来，认真做完事情，战胜焦虑，战胜那些心里空荡荡的时刻，而不是选择逃避。不要站在原地想象困难，行动永远是改变现状的最佳方式

使用的环境

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$hostnamectl
 Static hostname: liruilongs.github.io
       Icon name: computer-vm
         Chassis: vm 🖴
      Machine ID: d8b7006e0b5246d3940d0da0b5e4d792
         Boot ID: 6bffb39c9d5845378c20ba3553a54b02
  Virtualization: vmware
Operating System: openEuler 24.03 (LTS)
          Kernel: Linux 6.6.0-44.0.0.50.oe2403.x86_64
    Architecture: x86-64
 Hardware Vendor: VMware, Inc.
  Hardware Model: VMware Virtual Platform
Firmware Version: 6.00
   Firmware Date: Wed 2020-07-22
    Firmware Age: 4y 2month 2w 1d

二进制包安装 MySQL 是比较常用的一种方式，主要分为六个步骤：

获取二进制安装包。
创建运行 MySQL 的用户，规划数据目录，
准备 my.cnf 参数文件
初始化数据库，启动数据库服务。
设置数据库初始密码。

获取二进制安装包。

官网地址： https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/

使用二进制安装时，操作系统选择Linux - Generic，操作系统版本要根据系统的 glibc 版本来选择，确定 glibc 的版本

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$ldd --version
ldd (GNU libc) 2.38
Copyright (C) 2023 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Written by Roland McGrath and Ulrich Drepper.

确定架构

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$arch
x86_64

安装包下载完成后使用 md5sum 工具检查文件校验码是否和官网上提供的一致。

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$wget https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.4/mysql-8.4.3-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz
--2024-10-06 10:00:43--  https://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-8.4/mysql-8.4.3-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz
正在解析主机 cdn.mysql.com (cdn.mysql.com)... 23.37.58.58, 2600:1406:3400:79a::1d68, 2600:1406:3400:799::1d68
正在连接 cdn.mysql.com (cdn.mysql.com)|23.37.58.58|:443... 已连接。
已发出 HTTP 请求，正在等待回应... 200 OK
长度：908299408 (866M) [text/plain]
正在保存至: “mysql-8.4.3-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz”

mysql-8.4.3-linux-glibc2.28- 100%[==============================================>] 866.22M  6.65MB/s  用时 3m 31s

2024-10-06 10:04:15 (4.10 MB/s) - 已保存 “mysql-8.4.3-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz” [908299408/908299408])

计算 md5

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$md5sum mysql-8.4.3-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz
0d7f2af1ac4fa3afca87608a3dec5596  mysql-8.4.3-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$

解压文件,移动解压后的文件夹到/opt/目录,创建符号链接

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$tar xvf mysql-8.4.3-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64.tar.xz
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$mv mysql-8.4.3-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64 /opt/
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$ln -s /opt/mysql-8.4.3-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64/ /opt/mysql84
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$

这里简单介绍下可执行文件

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$cd /opt/mysql84
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/opt/mysql84]
└─$cd bin/;ls
ibd2sdi        myisampack         mysqlcheck           mysqld_multi   mysql_migrate_keyring      perror
innochecksum   my_print_defaults  mysql_config         mysqld_safe    mysql_secure_installation
myisamchk      mysql              mysql_config_editor  mysqldump      mysqlshow
myisam_ftdump  mysqladmin         mysqld               mysqldumpslow  mysqlslap
myisamlog      mysqlbinlog        mysqld-debug         mysqlimport    mysql_tzinfo_to_sql
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/opt/mysql84/bin]
└─$

在/opt/mysql84/bin目录下为MySQL相关的可执行文件，包括但不限于：

mysql: MySQL客户端程序，用于连接和管理MySQL服务器。
mysqldump: 用于备份MySQL数据库的工具。
mysqladmin: 用于执行管理操作的MySQL客户端工具。
mysqld: MySQL服务器的主程序。
mysql_config: 用于获取MySQL编译配置信息的工具。
mysql_secure_installation: 用于增强新安装MySQL服务器安全性的脚本。

创建Mysql 用户,规划数据目录

创建组以及对应的用户

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/opt/mysql84/support-files]
└─$groupadd mysql84
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/opt/mysql84/support-files]
└─$useradd mysql84 -g mysql84

创建MySQL数据目录结构,重新修改权限

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/]
└─$mkdir -p /data/mysql3306/{data,log,binlog,relaylog,run,tmp}
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/]
└─$ chown -R mysql84:mysql84  /data/mysql3306
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/]
└─$

准备 `my.cnf` 参数文件

准备 my.cnf 参数文件，注意这里目录要修改为上面创建的目录

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306]
└─$cat my.cnf
## /data/mysql3306/my.cnf
[mysql]
socket=/data/mysql3306/run/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
port=3306
mysqlx_port=33060

basedir=/opt/mysql84
lc_messages_dir=/opt/mysql84/share

datadir=/data/mysql3306/data
tmpdir=/data/mysql3306/tmp
log-error=/data/mysql3306/log/alert.log
slow_query_log_file=/data/mysql3306/log/slow.log
general_log_file=/data/mysql3306/log/general.log
socket=/data/mysql3306/run/mysql.sock


innodb_data_file_path=ibdata1:128M:autoextend
innodb_buffer_pool_size=2G

初始化数据库

使用 mysqld 初始化数据库，第一个参数必须是 defaults-file，指向上一步准备好的 my.cnf 配置文件，第二个参数是 initialize，指示 mysqld 进行初始化操作。

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data]
└─$/opt/mysql84/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql3306/my.cnf --initialize

如果初始化没有成功，需要到错误日志中查看相关的报错信息，进行相应的处理。

错误日志的路径由配置文件中的参数 log-error 指定。初始化成功后，可以看到错误日志的最后一行输出的 mysql root 账号的临时密码，我们要用这个密码来登录数据库。

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306/data]
└─$tail -10 /data/mysql3306/log/alert.log
.....................
2024-10-08T14:45:09.175721Z 0 [System] [MY-015017] [Server] MySQL Server Initialization - start.
2024-10-08T14:45:09.177222Z 0 [System] [MY-013169] [Server] /opt/mysql84/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.4.3) initializing of server in progress as process 66359
2024-10-08T14:45:09.206262Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2024-10-08T14:45:09.853587Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2024-10-08T14:45:12.761123Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: hde9_0vealB6
2024-10-08T14:45:14.733882Z 0 [System] [MY-015018] [Server] MySQL Server Initialization - end.

初始化使用的是 root 用户，所以还需要在修改一次权限

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306/data]
└─$chown -R mysql84:mysql84 /data/mysql3306/

启动数据库服务

这里使用 mysqld_safe 脚本来启动 MySQL，使用 defaults-file 指定参数文件的路径。

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$/opt/mysql84/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql3306/my.cnf &
[1] 64154
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$2024-10-08T14:10:51.409242Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/data/mysql3306/log/alert.log'.
2024-10-08T14:10:51.499097Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/mysql3306/data
2024-10-08T14:10:53.183109Z mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /data/mysql3306/data/liruilongs.github.io.pid ended

[1]+  已完成               /opt/mysql84/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql3306/my.cnf

这里出现了问题，正常应该不会是已完成才对，可以看到也没有明显的报错信息

这里首先排查一下是不是存储资源的问问

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306/data]
└─$lsblk
NAME               MAJ:MIN RM  SIZE RO TYPE MOUNTPOINTS
sda                  8:0    0   14G  0 disk
├─sda1               8:1    0    1M  0 part
├─sda2               8:2    0    1G  0 part /boot
└─sda3               8:3    0   13G  0 part
  ├─openeuler-root 253:0    0 11.6G  0 lvm  /
  └─openeuler-swap 253:1    0  1.4G  0 lvm  [SWAP]
sr0                 11:0    1  3.9G  0 rom
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306/data]
└─$df -h
文件系统                    大小  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/openeuler-root   12G   11G     0  100% /
devtmpfs                    4.0M     0  4.0M    0% /dev
tmpfs                       5.7G     0  5.7G    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                       4.0M     0  4.0M    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs                       2.3G   29M  2.3G    2% /run
tmpfs                       5.7G   40K  5.7G    1% /tmp
/dev/sda2                   974M  260M  647M   29% /boot

存储确实不够了，但是不确定是不是这里的问题，这里为了实验，我们先把交换分区删了。生产中操作需要谨慎

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306/data]
└─$lvscan
  ACTIVE            '/dev/openeuler/swap' [1.40 GiB] inherit
  ACTIVE            '/dev/openeuler/root' [11.59 GiB] inherit

关闭交换分区

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306/data]
└─$sudo swapoff /dev/mapper/openeuler-swap

删除 openeuler-swap 对应的逻辑卷

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306/data]
└─$sudo lvremove /dev/mapper/openeuler-swap
Do you really want to remove active logical volume openeuler/swap? [y/n]: y
  Logical volume "swap" successfully removed.

逻辑卷 openeuler-root 扩展到剩余的全部可用空间

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306/data]
└─$sudo lvextend -l +100%FREE /dev/mapper/openeuler-root
  Size of logical volume openeuler/root changed from 11.59 GiB (2968 extents) to <13.00 GiB (3327 extents).
  Logical volume openeuler/root successfully resized.

查看之前的文件系统格式

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306/data]
└─$blkid /dev/mapper/openeuler-root
/dev/mapper/openeuler-root: UUID="961a4d38-e792-4742-9f12-17c135f8e405" BLOCK_SIZE="4096" TYPE="ext4"

重新格式化文件系统

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306/data]
└─$sudo resize2fs /dev/mapper/openeuler-root
resize2fs 1.47.0 (5-Feb-2023)
/dev/mapper/openeuler-root 上的文件系统已被挂载于 /；需要进行在线调整大小

old_desc_blocks = 2, new_desc_blocks = 2
/dev/mapper/openeuler-root 上的文件系统大小已经调整为 3406848 个块（每块 4k）。

再次查看文件系统

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306/data]
└─$df -h
文件系统                    大小  已用  可用 已用% 挂载点
/dev/mapper/openeuler-root   13G   11G  1.3G   91% /
devtmpfs                    4.0M     0  4.0M    0% /dev
tmpfs                       5.7G     0  5.7G    0% /dev/shm
tmpfs                       4.0M     0  4.0M    0% /sys/fs/cgroup
tmpfs                       2.3G   29M  2.3G    2% /run
tmpfs                       5.7G   40K  5.7G    1% /tmp
/dev/sda2                   974M  260M  647M   29% /boot
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306/data]
└─$

再次尝试启动，查看日志信息

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$/opt/mysql84/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql3306/my.cnf &
[1] 66433
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$2024-10-08T14:46:48.777485Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/data/mysql3306/log/alert.log'.
2024-10-08T14:46:48.813729Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/mysql3306/data
2024-10-08T14:46:49.146727Z mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /data/mysql3306/data/liruilongs.github.io.pid ended

[1]+  已完成               /opt/mysql84/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql3306/my.cnf

还是没有启动成功，排除配置文件的问题，这里使用默认的配置启动

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$/opt/mysql84/bin/mysqld
2024-10-08T14:48:24.843155Z 0 [System] [MY-015015] [Server] MySQL Server - start.
2024-10-08T14:48:25.014506Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /opt/mysql84/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.4.3) starting as process 66654
2024-10-08T14:48:25.016234Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010091] [Server] Can't create test file /opt/mysql-8.4.3-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64/data/mysqld_tmp_file_case_insensitive_test.lower-test
2024-10-08T14:48:25.016348Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010159] [Server] Setting lower_case_table_names=2 because file system for /opt/mysql-8.4.3-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64/data/ is case insensitive
2024-10-08T14:48:25.016439Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010123] [Server] Fatal error: Please read "Security" section of the manual to find out how to run mysqld as root!
2024-10-08T14:48:25.016492Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting
2024-10-08T14:48:25.016886Z 0 [System] [MY-010910] [Server] /opt/mysql84/bin/mysqld: Shutdown complete (mysqld 8.4.3)  MySQL Community Server - GPL.
2024-10-08T14:48:25.016889Z 0 [System] [MY-015016] [Server] MySQL Server - end.
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$

可以日志的报错信息了，安全原因，不建议使用 root 用户，严重错误：请阅读手册的"安全"部分，了解如何以root身份运行mysqld！

........
2024-10-08T14:48:25.016439Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010123] [Server] Fatal error: Please read "Security" section of the manual to find out how to run mysqld as root!
2024-10-08T14:48:25.016492Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting

权限的问题，这里重新修改下目录

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~]
└─$chown -R mysql84:mysql84 /data/mysql3306/

使用之前创建过的用户 mysql84执行启动

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306]
└─$sudo -u mysql84 /opt/mysql84/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql3306/my.cnf &
[1] 68476
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306]
└─$2024-10-08T15:20:02.726002Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/data/mysql3306/log/alert.log'.
2024-10-08T15:20:02.790745Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/mysql3306/data

启动成功，查看对应的 mysqld 进程

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/opt/mysql84/bin]
└─$pgrep mysqld
68479
68701

可以看到这里有两个进程，一个是 mysql 的还有一个是 mysqld_safe,查看日志信息

2024-10-08T15:20:02.726002Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/data/mysql3306/log/alert.log'.
2024-10-08T15:20:02.790745Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/mysql3306/data
2024-10-08T15:20:02.828832Z 0 [System] [MY-015015] [Server] MySQL Server - start.
2024-10-08T15:20:03.063329Z 0 [System] [MY-010116] [Server] /opt/mysql84/bin/mysqld (mysqld 8.4.3) starting as process 68701
2024-10-08T15:20:03.097738Z 1 [System] [MY-013576] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has started.
2024-10-08T15:20:03.778021Z 1 [System] [MY-013577] [InnoDB] InnoDB initialization has ended.
2024-10-08T15:20:03.850650Z 0 [System] [MY-010229] [Server] Starting XA crash recovery...
2024-10-08T15:20:03.853933Z 0 [System] [MY-010232] [Server] XA crash recovery finished.
2024-10-08T15:20:03.934348Z 0 [Warning] [MY-010068] [Server] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2024-10-08T15:20:03.934374Z 0 [System] [MY-013602] [Server] Channel mysql_main configured to support TLS. Encrypted connections are now supported for this channel.
2024-10-08T15:20:03.951215Z 0 [System] [MY-011323] [Server] X Plugin ready for connections. Bind-address: '::' port: 33060, socket: /tmp/mysqlx.sock
2024-10-08T15:20:03.951242Z 0 [System] [MY-010931] [Server] /opt/mysql84/bin/mysqld: ready for connections. Version: '8.4.3'  socket: '/data/mysql3306/run/mysql.sock'  port: 3306  MySQL Community Server - GPL.

根据进程信息查看启动命令，可以看到执行启动命令

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/opt/mysql84/bin]
└─$cat /proc/68701/cmdline && echo ""
/opt/mysql84/bin/mysqld--defaults-file=/data/mysql3306/my.cnf--basedir=/opt/mysql84--datadir=/data/mysql3306/data--plugin-dir=/opt/mysql84/lib/plugin--log-error=/data/mysql3306/log/alert.log--pid-file=liruilongs.github.io.pid--socket=/data/mysql3306/run/mysql.sock--port=3306
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/opt/mysql84/bin]
└─$cat /proc/68479/cmdline && echo ""
/bin/sh/opt/mysql84/bin/mysqld_safe--defaults-file=/data/mysql3306/my.cnf
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/opt/mysql84/bin]
└─$

68701 为 mysql 的进程， 68479 为 mysqld_safe 进程，测试我们可以发现，如果 kill掉mysql 的进程，mysqld_safe` 会重新拉起进程。

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/opt/mysql84/bin]
└─$kill -9 68701
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/opt/mysql84/bin]
└─$pgrep mysqld
68479
68805
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/opt/mysql84/bin]
└─$cat /proc/68805/cmdline && echo ""
/opt/mysql84/bin/mysqld--defaults-file=/data/mysql3306/my.cnf--basedir=/opt/mysql84--datadir=/data/mysql3306/data--plugin-dir=/opt/mysql84/lib/plugin--log-error=/data/mysql3306/log/alert.log--pid-file=liruilongs.github.io.pid--socket=/data/mysql3306/run/mysql.sock--port=3306

如果 kill 掉 mysqld_safe ，在 kill 掉 mysqld ，mysql 就不会被拉起来了.

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/opt/mysql84/bin]
└─$kill -9 68479
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/opt/mysql84/bin]
└─$pgrep mysqld
68805
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/opt/mysql84/bin]
└─$kill -9 68805
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/opt/mysql84/bin]
└─$pgrep mysqld

设置数据库初始密码

使用上面的初始密码登陆

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/opt/mysql84/bin]
└─$echo "export PATH=$PATH:/opt/mysql84/bin/" >> ~/.bashrc
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/opt/mysql84/bin]
└─$source ~/.bashrc
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/opt/mysql84/bin]
└─$mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -p'hde9_0vealB6'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.4.3

Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql>

设置新的密码

mysql> select now();
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Liruilong1008';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> select now();
+---------------------+
| now()               |
+---------------------+
| 2024-10-08 23:43:48 |
+---------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql>

完整的步骤

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~] 
└─$mv mysql-8.4.3-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64 /opt/
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~] 
└─$ln -s /opt/mysql-8.4.3-linux-glibc2.28-x86_64/ /opt/mysql84
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~] 
└─$groupadd mysql84
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~] 
└─$useradd mysql84 -g mysql84
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~] 
└─$mkdir -p /data/mysql3306/{data,log,binlog,relaylog,run,tmp}
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[~] 
└─$cd /data/mysql3306/
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306] 
└─$vim my.cnf
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306] 
└─$/opt/mysql84/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/data/mysql3306/my.cnf --initialize
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306] 
└─$tail -2 /data/mysql3306/log/alert.log
2024-12-08T08:02:58.428134Z 6 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: 9c6<f,sl:-Z*
2024-12-08T08:03:00.331840Z 0 [System] [MY-015018] [Server] MySQL Server Initialization - end.
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306] 
└─$chown -R mysql84:mysql84  /data/mysql3306
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306] 
└─$sudo -u mysql84 /opt/mysql84/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql3306/my.cnf &
[1] 2650
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306] 
└─$2024-12-08T08:04:16.831180Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/data/mysql3306/log/alert.log'.
2024-12-08T08:04:16.856024Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/mysql3306/data

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306] 
└─$echo "export PATH=$PATH:/opt/mysql84/bin/" >> ~/.bashrc
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306] 
└─$source ~/.bashrc
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306] 
└─$mysql -uroot -h127.0.0.1 -p'9c6<f,sl:-Z*'
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.4.3

Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'Liruilong1008';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql>

忘记密码的解决办法

忘记密码的处理办法,通过指定的参数启动 mysql,修改密码后重新启动

--skip-networking 选项禁用了MySQL的网络功能，这意味着只能通过本地连接（例如使用localhost或127.0.0.1）访问MySQL服务器。

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306]
└─$pgrep mysqld
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306]
└─$sudo -u mysql84 /opt/mysql84/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql3306/my.cnf --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &
[1] 7151
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306]
└─$2024-11-09T01:10:59.806933Z mysqld_safe Logging to '/data/mysql3306/log/alert.log'.
2024-11-09T01:10:59.838485Z mysqld_safe Starting mysqld daemon with databases from /data/mysql3306/data

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306]
└─$pgrep mysqld
7153
7398

--skip-grant-tables 选项使得MySQL服务器启动时跳过权限表的加载，这意味着任何人都可以连接到 MySQL服务器而无需密码。

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306]
└─$sudo -u mysql84 /opt/mysql84/bin/mysql -uroot
ERROR 2002 (HY000): Can't connect to local MySQL server through socket '/tmp/mysql.sock' (2)
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306]
└─$sudo -u mysql84 /opt/mysql84/bin/mysql -uroot  --socket=/data/mysql3306/run/mysql.sock
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 7
Server version: 8.4.3 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2024, Oracle and/or its affiliates.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)

mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql>

重新修改密码，测试登陆

┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306]
└─$sudo -u mysql84 /opt/mysql84/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p123456 shutdown --socket=/data/mysql3306/run/mysql.sock
mysqladmin: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
2024-11-09T01:26:23.378262Z mysqld_safe mysqld from pid file /data/mysql3306/data/liruilongs.github.io.pid ended
[1]+  已完成               sudo -u mysql84 /opt/mysql84/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/data/mysql3306/my.cnf --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking
┌──[root@liruilongs.github.io]-[/data/mysql3306]
└─$

博文部分内容参考

原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/sanhewuyang/article/details/144327273

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