Elasticsearch使用（4）：springboot操作es

🕗 发布于 2024-12-11 23:24 elasticsearch spring boot

1 添加es

1.1 在项目中添加依赖

保持与项目中的spingboot版本一致。

    <!-- springboot操作ES包 -->
    <dependency>
      <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
      <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-elasticsearch</artifactId>
    </dependency>

1.2 编写es配置类

application.yml中添加es连接

es:
  host: 192.168.197.131
  port: 9200
  username: elastic
  # password:

es配置类

package com.ywz.framework.es;

import org.apache.http.HttpHost;
import org.apache.http.auth.AuthScope;
import org.apache.http.auth.UsernamePasswordCredentials;
import org.apache.http.client.CredentialsProvider;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.BasicCredentialsProvider;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestClient;
import org.elasticsearch.client.RestHighLevelClient;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

@Configuration
public class EsConfig {
    @Value("${es.host}")
    private String host;
    @Value("${es.port}")
    private int port;
    @Value("${es.username}")
    private String username;
    private String password;

    @Bean
    public RestHighLevelClient client() {
        //初始化ES操作客户端
        final CredentialsProvider credentialsProvider = new BasicCredentialsProvider();
        //es账号密码（默认用户名为elastic，密码null）
        credentialsProvider.setCredentials(AuthScope.ANY,
                new UsernamePasswordCredentials(username, password));
        return new RestHighLevelClient(
                RestClient.builder(
                        new HttpHost(host, port)
                ).setHttpClientConfigCallback(httpClientBuilder -> {
                    httpClientBuilder.disableAuthCaching();
                    return httpClientBuilder.setDefaultCredentialsProvider(credentialsProvider);
                })
        );
    }
}

BasicCredentialsProvider：基本的es认证类，提供了账号密码认证。
RestHighLevelClient：es客户端组件，其封装系统操作ES的方法，包括索引结构管理，数据增删改查管理，常用查询方法，并且可以结合原生ES查询原生语法，功能十分强大。

1.3 测试

编写测试代码

@SpringBootTest
public class EsTest {
    @Resource
    private RestHighLevelClient client;

    @Test
    public void test() throws IOException {
        GetRequest getRequest = new GetRequest("test","0HsQqZMBEAxOTDxx00tZ");
        GetResponse response = client.get(getRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response);
    }

}

运行程序测试，上面是一个安全警告，下面是搜索的内容。

2 索引管理

2.1 判断索引是否存在

@Test
    public void indexTest() throws IOException {
        boolean test = client.indices().exists(new GetIndexRequest("test"), RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println("test索引是否存在：" + test);
    }

2.2 创建索引

创建索引之前需要先验证索引是否存在。

@Test
    public void indexTest() throws IOException {
        // 索引属性
        Map<String, Object> columnMap = new HashMap<>();
        // 名字
        Map<String, Object> nameMap = new HashMap<>();
        nameMap.put("type", "keyword");
        columnMap.put("name", nameMap);
        // 年龄
        Map<String, Object> ageMap = new HashMap<>();
        ageMap.put("type", "integer");
        columnMap.put("age", ageMap);
        // 信息
        Map<String, Object> infoMap = new HashMap<>();
        infoMap.put("analyzer", "ik_smart");
        infoMap.put("type", "text");
        columnMap.put("info", infoMap);
        // 创建索引
        CreateIndexRequest request = new CreateIndexRequest("test2");
        Map<String, Object> source = new HashMap<>();
        source.put("properties", columnMap);
        request.mapping(source);
        client.indices().create(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    }

2.3 删除索引

删除索引之前需要验证索引是否存在，否则会抛出异常。

@Test
    public void indexTest() throws IOException {
        DeleteIndexRequest request = new DeleteIndexRequest("test2");
        AcknowledgedResponse response = client.indices().delete(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(response.isAcknowledged());
    }

3 数据管理

这里在更新数据时，可以直接修改索引结构，在dataMap中放进新的字段即可。

3.1 写入

@Test
    public void insert(String indexName, Map<String, Object> dataMap) throws IOException {
        BulkRequest request = new BulkRequest();
        request.add(new IndexRequest(indexName).id(dataMap.remove("id").toString())
                .opType("create").source(dataMap, XContentType.JSON));
        client.bulk(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    }

3.2 批量写入

@Test
    public void batchInsert(String indexName, List<Map<String, Object>> userIndexList) throws IOException {
        BulkRequest request = new BulkRequest();
        for (Map<String, Object> dataMap : userIndexList) {
            request.add(new IndexRequest(indexName).id(dataMap.remove("id").toString())
                    .opType("create").source(dataMap, XContentType.JSON));
        }
        client.bulk(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    }

3.3 更新

@Test
    public void update(String indexName, Map<String, Object> dataMap) throws IOException {
        UpdateRequest updateRequest = new UpdateRequest(indexName, dataMap.remove("id").toString());
        updateRequest.setRefreshPolicy(WriteRequest.RefreshPolicy.IMMEDIATE);
        updateRequest.doc(dataMap);
        client.update(updateRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    }

3.4 删除

@Test
    public void delete(String indexName, String id) throws IOException {
        DeleteRequest deleteRequest = new DeleteRequest(indexName, id);
        client.delete(deleteRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
    }

4 查询操作

查询总数的CountRequest语法，SearchRequest查询结果中数据转换语法，分页查询中需要指定偏移位置和分页大小。

4.1 查询条数

@Test
public void count(String indexName) throws IOException {
        // 指定创建时间
        BoolQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();
        queryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.termQuery("createTime", 1611378102795L));

        SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        sourceBuilder.query(queryBuilder);

        CountRequest countRequest = new CountRequest(indexName);
        countRequest.source(sourceBuilder);
        CountResponse countResponse = client.count(countRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        System.out.println(countResponse.getCount());
    }

4.2 查询集合

@Test
    public void list(String indexName) throws IOException {
        // 查询条件,指定时间并过滤指定字段值
        SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        BoolQueryBuilder queryBuilder = QueryBuilders.boolQuery();
        queryBuilder.must(QueryBuilders.termQuery("createTime", 1611378102795L));
        queryBuilder.mustNot(QueryBuilders.termQuery("name", "北京-李四"));
        sourceBuilder.query(queryBuilder);
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest(indexName);
        searchRequest.source(sourceBuilder);
        SearchResponse searchResp = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        List<Map<String, Object>> data = new ArrayList<>();
        SearchHit[] searchHitArr = searchResp.getHits().getHits();
        for (SearchHit searchHit : searchHitArr) {
            Map<String, Object> temp = searchHit.getSourceAsMap();
            temp.put("id", searchHit.getId());
            data.add(temp);
        }
        System.out.println(data);
    }

4.3 分页查询

@Test
    public void page(String indexName, Integer offset, Integer size) throws IOException {
        // 查询条件,指定时间并过滤指定字段值
        SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        sourceBuilder.from(offset);
        sourceBuilder.size(size);
        sourceBuilder.sort("createTime", SortOrder.DESC);
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest(indexName);
        searchRequest.source(sourceBuilder);
        SearchResponse searchResp = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        List<Map<String, Object>> data = new ArrayList<>();
        SearchHit[] searchHitArr = searchResp.getHits().getHits();
        for (SearchHit searchHit : searchHitArr) {
            Map<String, Object> temp = searchHit.getSourceAsMap();
            temp.put("id", searchHit.getId());
            data.add(temp);
        }
    }

5 排序方式

排序除了常规的指定字段升序降序规则之外，还可以基于原生的脚本语法，基于自定义规则排序让一些特定的数据沉底或者置顶。

5.1 排序规则

@Test
    public void sort(String indexName) throws IOException {
        // 先升序时间，在倒序年龄
        SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        sourceBuilder.sort("createTime", SortOrder.ASC);
        sourceBuilder.sort("age", SortOrder.DESC);
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest(indexName);
        searchRequest.source(sourceBuilder);
        SearchResponse searchResp = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        List<Map<String, Object>> data = new ArrayList<>();
        SearchHit[] searchHitArr = searchResp.getHits().getHits();
        for (SearchHit searchHit : searchHitArr) {
            Map<String, Object> temp = searchHit.getSourceAsMap();
            temp.put("id", searchHit.getId());
            data.add(temp);
        }
    }

5.2 自定义排序规则

@Test
    public void defSort(String indexName) throws IOException {
        // 指定置换顺序的规则
        // [age 12-->60]\[age 19-->10]\[age 13-->30]\[age 18-->40],age其他值忽略为1
        Script script = new Script("def _ageSort = doc['age'].value == 12?60:" +
                "(doc['age'].value == 19?10:" +
                "(doc['age'].value == 13?30:" +
                "(doc['age'].value == 18?40:1)));" + "_ageSort;");
        ScriptSortBuilder sortBuilder = SortBuilders.scriptSort(script, ScriptSortBuilder.ScriptSortType.NUMBER);
        sortBuilder.order(SortOrder.ASC);
        SearchSourceBuilder sourceBuilder = new SearchSourceBuilder();
        sourceBuilder.sort(sortBuilder);
        SearchRequest searchRequest = new SearchRequest(indexName);
        searchRequest.source(sourceBuilder);
        SearchResponse searchResp = client.search(searchRequest, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);
        List<Map<String, Object>> data = new ArrayList<>();
        SearchHit[] searchHitArr = searchResp.getHits().getHits();
        for (SearchHit searchHit : searchHitArr) {
            Map<String, Object> temp = searchHit.getSourceAsMap();
            temp.put("id", searchHit.getId());
            data.add(temp);
        }
    }

原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_40298351/article/details/144367436

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