05_23 种设计模式之《建造者模式》

一、建造者模式基础知识

建造者模式（Builder Pattern）是一种创建型设计模式，它提供了一种优雅的方式来创建复杂对象，同时隐藏其构建过程。这种模式允许你通过指定复杂对象的类型和内容来构建它们，然后分步骤创建复杂对象的各个部分。

建造者模式的结构

建造者模式通常包含以下角色：
产品（Product）：需要构建的复杂对象。
建造者（Builder）：提供一个接口，用于创建和表示产品的不同部分。
具体建造者（ConcreteBuilder）：实现建造者接口，定义产品对象的各个部分的构建和表示。
指挥者（Director）：负责安排已有模块的建造过程，不涉及具体的构建细节。
客户端（Client）：使用指挥者和建造者来创建复杂对象。

建造者模式的应用场景

创建复杂对象：当对象的构建过程复杂或者对象本身包含多个成员变量时。
相同的方法，不同的执行顺序：不同的执行顺序可能会导致不同的结果。
分步骤构建：需要分步骤构建对象，每一步都可以独立进行。
隔离复杂对象的构建和表示：客户端不需要知道对象是如何构建的，只需要知道如何使用它。

#pragma once

#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>

using namespace std;

class Phone // 电话类
{
public:
Phone();
~Phone();

void setCamera(string camera);
void setBattery(string battery);
void setScreen(string screen);

void PrintCamera();
void PrintBattery();
void PrintScreen();

private:
string strCamera;// 摄像头
string strBattery;// 电池
string strScreen;// 屏幕
};

//----------------------

#include "Phone.h"

Phone::Phone(){
cout << "调用Phone类的构造函数." << endl;
}

Phone::~Phone() {
cout << "调用Phone类的析构函数." << endl;
}



void Phone::setCamera(string camera) {
strCamera = camera;
}

void Phone::setBattery(string battery) {
strBattery = battery;
}

void Phone::setScreen(string screen)
{
strScreen = screen;
}



void Phone::PrintCamera() {
cout << "Camera-->" << strCamera.c_str() << endl;
}

void Phone::PrintBattery() {
cout << "Battery-->" << strBattery.c_str() << endl;
}

void Phone::PrintScreen() {
cout << "Screen-->" << strScreen.c_str() << endl;
}

#pragma once

#include "Phone.h"

class Fbuilder // 基类
{
public:
Fbuilder();
~Fbuilder();

protected:
Phone* phone; // 电话对象

public:
virtual void buildCamera() = 0;
virtual void buildBattery() = 0;
virtual void buildScreen() = 0;

virtual Phone* GetPhone();

};

class IphoneBuilder :public Fbuilder { // 苹果派生类
public:
IphoneBuilder();
void buildCamera();
void buildBattery();
void buildScreen();
};

class HuaweiBuilder :public Fbuilder { // 华为派生类
public:
HuaweiBuilder();
void buildCamera();
void buildBattery();
void buildScreen();
};


//------------------------------
#include "Fbuilder.h"

Fbuilder::Fbuilder(){

}

Fbuilder::~Fbuilder() {

}

Phone* Fbuilder::GetPhone()
{
return phone;
}




IphoneBuilder::IphoneBuilder() {
phone = new Phone;
}
void IphoneBuilder::buildCamera() {
phone->setCamera("Iphone Camera Created.");
}
void IphoneBuilder::buildBattery() {
phone->setBattery("Iphone Battery Created.");
}
void IphoneBuilder::buildScreen() {
phone->setScreen("Iphone Screen Created.");
}



HuaweiBuilder::HuaweiBuilder() {
phone = new Phone;
}
void HuaweiBuilder::buildCamera() {
phone->setCamera("Huawei Camera Created.");
}
void HuaweiBuilder::buildBattery() {
phone->setBattery("Huawei Battery Created.");
}
void HuaweiBuilder::buildScreen() {
phone->setScreen("Huawei Screen Created.");
}

#pragma once

#include "Fbuilder.h"

class Director {
public:
Director();
Director(Fbuilder* builder);
~Director();

void CreateFunc(Fbuilder* builder);
void CreateFunc();

private:
Fbuilder *dbuilder;
};

//---------------------------

#include "Director.h"

Director::Director() {

}

// 另一种初始化：Director::Director(Fbuilder* builder):dbuilder(builder)
Director::Director(Fbuilder* builder) {
dbuilder = builder;
}

Director::~Director() {

}

void Director::CreateFunc(Fbuilder* builder)
{
builder->buildCamera();
builder->buildBattery();
builder->buildScreen();
}

void Director::CreateFunc()
{
dbuilder->buildCamera();
dbuilder->buildBattery();
dbuilder->buildScreen();
}

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

#include "Phone.h"
#include "Director.h"
#include "Fbuilder.h"

int main()
{
    Fbuilder* huawei = new HuaweiBuilder;
    Fbuilder* iphone = new IphoneBuilder;
    Director* director = new Director;

    director->CreateFunc(huawei);
    director->CreateFunc(iphone);

    Phone* huaweiphone = huawei->GetPhone();
    Phone* iphonephone = iphone->GetPhone();

    huaweiphone->PrintCamera();
    huaweiphone->PrintScreen();
    huaweiphone->PrintBattery();

    cout << endl;

    iphonephone->PrintCamera();
    iphonephone->PrintScreen();
    iphonephone->PrintBattery();
    
    return 0;
}

原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/2302_79752447/article/details/142790843

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