pytorch-训练自定义数据集实战
目录
1. 步骤
- 加载数据
- 创建模型
- 训练和测试
- 迁移学习
2. 加载数据
这里以宝可梦动画图片为数据集
下载地址：
链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1TbXKNIBitXk_o-oVAAiX-A?pwd=py3r
提取码：py3r
数据集各分类情况和切分比例见下图：
2.1 继承Dataset
继承torch.utils.data.Dataset，实现__len__和__getitem__函数
__len__是获取所有数据集的数量
__getitem__获取数据集中指定index的image tensor和对应的分类label
实现这两个函数的思路：
- 将数据集所有文件名加载到list中，通过len([images])，即可实现__len__
- 生成数据集中所有的image path和label，读取并预处理image，即可实现__getitem__
2.1.1 生成name2label
数据集文件结构是pokemon\bulbasaur\00000000.png，pokemon下的每个文件夹代表一个分类，因此就可以实现下面的代码生成一个name2label
self.name2label = {} # "sq...":0
for name in sorted(os.listdir(os.path.join(root))):
if not os.path.isdir(os.path.join(root, name)):
continue
self.name2label[name] = len(self.name2label.keys())
2.1.2 生成image path, label的文件
获取pokemon目前下所有数据文件的路径放到images中，遍历images，通过每条数据文件路径中的分类文件夹名称从name2label获取到对应的label，然后写入到文件中。
代码如下：
if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(self.root, filename)):
images = []
for name in self.name2label.keys():
# 'pokemon\\mewtwo\\00001.png
images += glob.glob(os.path.join(self.root, name, '*.png'))
images += glob.glob(os.path.join(self.root, name, '*.jpg'))
images += glob.glob(os.path.join(self.root, name, '*.jpeg'))
# 1167, 'pokemon\\bulbasaur\\00000000.png'
print(len(images), images)
random.shuffle(images)
with open(os.path.join(self.root, filename), mode='w', newline='') as f:
writer = csv.writer(f)
for img in images: # 'pokemon\\bulbasaur\\00000000.png'
name = img.split(os.sep)[-2]
label = self.name2label[name]
# 'pokemon\\bulbasaur\\00000000.png', 0
writer.writerow([img, label])
print('writen into csv file:', filename)
2.1.3 len
def __len__(self):
return len(self.images)
2.1.3 getitem
预处理包括resize、randomRotation、ToTensor、Normalize等
def __getitem__(self, idx):
# idx~[0~len(images)]
# self.images, self.labels
# img: 'pokemon\\bulbasaur\\00000000.png'
# label: 0
img, label = self.images[idx], self.labels[idx]
tf = transforms.Compose([
lambda x:Image.open(x).convert('RGB'), # string path= > image data
transforms.Resize((int(self.resize*1.25), int(self.resize*1.25))),
transforms.RandomRotation(15),
transforms.CenterCrop(self.resize),
transforms.ToTensor(),
transforms.Normalize(mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406],
std=[0.229, 0.224, 0.225])
])
img = tf(img)
label = torch.tensor(label)
return img, label
2.1.4 数据切分为train、val、test
数据切分比例6:2:2
class Pokemon(Dataset):
def __init__(self, root, resize, mode):
super(Pokemon, self).__init__()
self.root = root
self.resize = resize
self.name2label = {} # "sq...":0
for name in sorted(os.listdir(os.path.join(root))):
if not os.path.isdir(os.path.join(root, name)):
continue
self.name2label[name] = len(self.name2label.keys())
# print(self.name2label)
# image, label
self.images, self.labels = self.load_csv('images.csv')
if mode=='train': # 60%
self.images = self.images[:int(0.6*len(self.images))]
self.labels = self.labels[:int(0.6*len(self.labels))]
elif mode=='val': # 20% = 60%->80%
self.images = self.images[int(0.6*len(self.images)):int(0.8*len(self.images))]
self.labels = self.labels[int(0.6*len(self.labels)):int(0.8*len(self.labels))]
else: # 20% = 80%->100%
self.images = self.images[int(0.8*len(self.images)):]
self.labels = self.labels[int(0.8*len(self.labels)):]
3. 建立模型
使用前面实现的Resnet18https://editor.csdn.net/md/?articleId=140032483
4. 训练和测试
- 数据加载
- 实例化模型、优化器、loss函数
- epoch循环、模型数据输入、计算loss、backward、优化器迭代
- validation模型、保存模型
- test模型
代码：
def evalute(model, loader):
model.eval()
correct = 0
total = len(loader.dataset)
for x,y in loader:
x,y = x.to(device), y.to(device)
with torch.no_grad():
logits = model(x)
pred = logits.argmax(dim=1)
correct += torch.eq(pred, y).sum().float().item()
return correct / total
def ResNet18():
return ResNet(ResBlk, [2, 2, 2, 2], 10)
def main():
model = ResNet18().to(device)
optimizer = optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr=lr)
criteon = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
best_acc, best_epoch = 0, 0
global_step = 0
viz.line([0], [-1], win='loss', opts=dict(title='loss'))
viz.line([0], [-1], win='val_acc', opts=dict(title='val_acc'))
for epoch in range(epochs):
for step, (x,y) in enumerate(train_loader):
# x: [b, 3, 224, 224], y: [b]
x, y = x.to(device), y.to(device)
model.train()
logits = model(x)
loss = criteon(logits, y)
optimizer.zero_grad()
loss.backward()
optimizer.step()
viz.line([loss.item()], [global_step], win='loss', update='append')
global_step += 1
if epoch % 1 == 0:
val_acc = evalute(model, val_loader)
if val_acc> best_acc:
best_epoch = epoch
best_acc = val_acc
torch.save(model.state_dict(), 'best.mdl')
viz.line([val_acc], [global_step], win='val_acc', update='append')
print('best acc:', best_acc, 'best epoch:', best_epoch)
model.load_state_dict(torch.load('best.mdl'))
print('loaded from ckpt!')
test_acc = evalute(model, test_loader)
print('test acc:', test_acc)
4. 完整代码
train.py
import torch
from torch import optim, nn
import visdom
import torchvision
from torch.utils.data import DataLoader
from pokemon import Pokemon
from resnet import ResNet18
batchsz = 32
lr = 1e-3
epochs = 10
device = torch.device('cuda')
torch.manual_seed(1234)
train_db = Pokemon('pokemon', 224, mode='train')
val_db = Pokemon('pokemon', 224, mode='val')
test_db = Pokemon('pokemon', 224, mode='test')
train_loader = DataLoader(train_db, batch_size=batchsz, shuffle=True,
num_workers=4)
val_loader = DataLoader(val_db, batch_size=batchsz, num_workers=2)
test_loader = DataLoader(test_db, batch_size=batchsz, num_workers=2)
viz = visdom.Visdom()
def evalute(model, loader):
model.eval()
correct = 0
total = len(loader.dataset)
for x,y in loader:
x,y = x.to(device), y.to(device)
with torch.no_grad():
logits = model(x)
pred = logits.argmax(dim=1)
correct += torch.eq(pred, y).sum().float().item()
return correct / total
def main():
model = ResNet18().to(device)
optimizer = optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr=lr)
criteon = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
best_acc, best_epoch = 0, 0
global_step = 0
viz.line([0], [-1], win='loss', opts=dict(title='loss'))
viz.line([0], [-1], win='val_acc', opts=dict(title='val_acc'))
for epoch in range(epochs):
for step, (x,y) in enumerate(train_loader):
# x: [b, 3, 224, 224], y: [b]
x, y = x.to(device), y.to(device)
model.train()
logits = model(x)
loss = criteon(logits, y)
optimizer.zero_grad()
loss.backward()
optimizer.step()
viz.line([loss.item()], [global_step], win='loss', update='append')
global_step += 1
if epoch % 1 == 0:
val_acc = evalute(model, val_loader)
if val_acc> best_acc:
best_epoch = epoch
best_acc = val_acc
torch.save(model.state_dict(), 'best.mdl')
viz.line([val_acc], [global_step], win='val_acc', update='append')
print('best acc:', best_acc, 'best epoch:', best_epoch)
model.load_state_dict(torch.load('best.mdl'))
print('loaded from ckpt!')
test_acc = evalute(model, test_loader)
print('test acc:', test_acc)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
pokemon.py
import torch
import os, glob
import random, csv
from torch.utils.data import Dataset, DataLoader
from torchvision import transforms
from PIL import Image
class Pokemon(Dataset):
def __init__(self, root, resize, mode):
super(Pokemon, self).__init__()
self.root = root
self.resize = resize
self.name2label = {} # "sq...":0
for name in sorted(os.listdir(os.path.join(root))):
if not os.path.isdir(os.path.join(root, name)):
continue
self.name2label[name] = len(self.name2label.keys())
# print(self.name2label)
# image, label
self.images, self.labels = self.load_csv('images.csv')
if mode=='train': # 60%
self.images = self.images[:int(0.6*len(self.images))]
self.labels = self.labels[:int(0.6*len(self.labels))]
elif mode=='val': # 20% = 60%->80%
self.images = self.images[int(0.6*len(self.images)):int(0.8*len(self.images))]
self.labels = self.labels[int(0.6*len(self.labels)):int(0.8*len(self.labels))]
else: # 20% = 80%->100%
self.images = self.images[int(0.8*len(self.images)):]
self.labels = self.labels[int(0.8*len(self.labels)):]
def load_csv(self, filename):
if not os.path.exists(os.path.join(self.root, filename)):
images = []
for name in self.name2label.keys():
# 'pokemon\\mewtwo\\00001.png
images += glob.glob(os.path.join(self.root, name, '*.png'))
images += glob.glob(os.path.join(self.root, name, '*.jpg'))
images += glob.glob(os.path.join(self.root, name, '*.jpeg'))
# 1167, 'pokemon\\bulbasaur\\00000000.png'
print(len(images), images)
random.shuffle(images)
with open(os.path.join(self.root, filename), mode='w', newline='') as f:
writer = csv.writer(f)
for img in images: # 'pokemon\\bulbasaur\\00000000.png'
name = img.split(os.sep)[-2]
label = self.name2label[name]
# 'pokemon\\bulbasaur\\00000000.png', 0
writer.writerow([img, label])
print('writen into csv file:', filename)
# read from csv file
images, labels = [], []
with open(os.path.join(self.root, filename)) as f:
reader = csv.reader(f)
for row in reader:
# 'pokemon\\bulbasaur\\00000000.png', 0
img, label = row
label = int(label)
images.append(img)
labels.append(label)
assert len(images) == len(labels)
return images, labels
def __len__(self):
return len(self.images)
def denormalize(self, x_hat):
mean = [0.485, 0.456, 0.406]
std = [0.229, 0.224, 0.225]
# x_hat = (x-mean)/std
# x = x_hat*std = mean
# x: [c, h, w]
# mean: [3] => [3, 1, 1]
mean = torch.tensor(mean).unsqueeze(1).unsqueeze(1)
std = torch.tensor(std).unsqueeze(1).unsqueeze(1)
# print(mean.shape, std.shape)
x = x_hat * std + mean
return x
def __getitem__(self, idx):
# idx~[0~len(images)]
# self.images, self.labels
# img: 'pokemon\\bulbasaur\\00000000.png'
# label: 0
img, label = self.images[idx], self.labels[idx]
tf = transforms.Compose([
lambda x:Image.open(x).convert('RGB'), # string path= > image data
transforms.Resize((int(self.resize*1.25), int(self.resize*1.25))),
transforms.RandomRotation(15),
transforms.CenterCrop(self.resize),
transforms.ToTensor(),
transforms.Normalize(mean=[0.485, 0.456, 0.406],
std=[0.229, 0.224, 0.225])
])
img = tf(img)
label = torch.tensor(label)
return img, label
def main():
import visdom
import time
import torchvision
viz = visdom.Visdom()
# tf = transforms.Compose([
# transforms.Resize((64,64)),
# transforms.ToTensor(),
# ])
# db = torchvision.datasets.ImageFolder(root='pokemon', transform=tf)
# loader = DataLoader(db, batch_size=32, shuffle=True)
#
# print(db.class_to_idx)
#
# for x,y in loader:
# viz.images(x, nrow=8, win='batch', opts=dict(title='batch'))
# viz.text(str(y.numpy()), win='label', opts=dict(title='batch-y'))
#
# time.sleep(10)
db = Pokemon('pokemon', 64, 'train')
x,y = next(iter(db))
print('sample:', x.shape, y.shape, y)
viz.image(db.denormalize(x), win='sample_x', opts=dict(title='sample_x'))
loader = DataLoader(db, batch_size=32, shuffle=True, num_workers=8)
for x,y in loader:
viz.images(db.denormalize(x), nrow=8, win='batch', opts=dict(title='batch'))
viz.text(str(y.numpy()), win='label', opts=dict(title='batch-y'))
time.sleep(10)
if __name__ == '__main__':
main()
原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/wyw0000/article/details/140483547
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