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图论练习5

Going Home

Here

解题思路

  • KM模板 
  • 二分图最优匹配,前提是有完美匹配(即存在一一配对)
  • 左右集合分别有顶标lx[i],ly[j],当lx[i]+ly[j]=w[i][j]时,i\rightarrow j为有效边,即选中
  • 初始lx[i]=-inf,ly[j]=0
  • 对于左集合每个点,选择其连边中最优的,lx[i]=Max\ w
  • 然后对于每个点找其最优匹配
  • 若能在前面连好边的图中找到匹配,则继续下一个点
  • 若不能,考虑撤销边
  • 如何撤销?
  • 对于这次找增广路左集合中的点,找一条不在这条增广路上的边,进行替换
  • 找到最小代价,即d=Min\ lx[i]+ly[j]-w[i][j]
  • 对于这次找增广路访问到的左集合lx[i]-d,右集合ly[j]+d
  • 重复进行,直到实现该点找到增广路可以添入或不能进行替换(无完美匹配)
  • 对于该题,求最小,只用将距离变为负值,最后结果在反回来
  • 每次找增广路前清空visx[],viy[]

import java.io.*;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.BitSet;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.Iterator;
import java.util.LinkedList;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Objects;
import java.util.PriorityQueue;
import java.util.Queue;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.Scanner;
import java.util.Stack;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;
import java.util.Vector;










//implements Runnable
public class Main{
static long md=(long)998244353;
static long Linf=Long.MAX_VALUE/2;
static int inf=Integer.MAX_VALUE/2;
static int N=200;

static
class Node{
int x;
int y;
public Node(int u,int v) {
x=u;
y=v;
}
}
static int[][] w=new int[N+1][N+1];
static void getw(Node a,Node b,int i,int j) {
w[i][j]=-(Math.abs(a.x-b.x)+Math.abs(a.y-b.y));
}
static int mm=0;
static int hh=0;
static int[] lx=new int[N+1];
static int[] ly=new int[N+1];
static int[] link=new int[N+1];
static boolean[] visx=new boolean[N+1];
static boolean[] visy=new boolean[N+1];
static Node[] men=new Node[N+1];
static Node[] home=new Node[N+1];
static boolean dfs(int x) {
visx[x]=true;
for(int i=1;i<=hh;++i) {
if(!visy[i]&&lx[x]+ly[i]==w[x][i]) {
visy[i]=true;
if(link[i]==0||dfs(link[i])) {
link[i]=x;
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
static void solve() throws Exception{
AReader input=new AReader();
    PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out));
    while(true) {
    int n=input.nextInt();
    int m=input.nextInt();
    if(n==0&&m==0)break;
    mm=0;
    hh=0;
    Arrays.fill(link, 0);
    for(int i=1;i<=n;++i) {
    String string=" "+input.next();
    char[] mp=string.toCharArray();
    for(int j=1;j<mp.length;++j) {
    if(mp[j]=='m') {
    mm++;
    men[mm]=new Node(i, j);
    }else if(mp[j]=='H') {
    hh++;
    home[hh]=new Node(i, j);
    }
    }
    }
    for(int i=1;i<=mm;++i){
    for(int j=1;j<=hh;++j) {
    getw(men[i], home[j], i, j);
    }
    }
    
    for(int i=1;i<=mm;++i) {
    lx[i]=-inf;
    for(int j=1;j<=hh;++j) {
    ly[j]=0;
    lx[i]=Math.max(lx[i], w[i][j]);
    }
    }
    boolean ok=true;
    for(int i=1;i<=mm;++i) {
    
    while(true) {//对于当前点i找个匹配,一直试
    Arrays.fill(visx, false);
    Arrays.fill(visy, false);
    int dis=inf;
    if(dfs(i))break;
    //直接不能找到
    //考虑改边
    for(int j=1;j<=mm;++j) {
    if(!visx[j]) continue;
    for(int k=1;k<=hh;++k) {
    if(visy[k])continue;
    dis=Math.min(dis, (lx[j]+ly[k])-w[j][k]);
    }
    }
    if(dis==inf) {
    ok=false;
    break;
    }
    for(int j=1;j<=mm;++j)if(visx[j])lx[j]-=dis;
    for(int j=1;j<=hh;++j)if(visy[j])ly[j]+=dis;
    }
    if(!ok)break;
    }
    int sum=0;
   if(ok) {
   for(int i=1;i<=hh;++i) {
   sum-=w[link[i]][i];
   }
   out.println(sum);
   }else out.println(-1);
    }
    
     out.flush();
    out.close();
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
solve();
}
//public static final void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//  new Thread(null, new Main(), "线程名字", 1 << 27).start();
//}
//@Override
//public void run() {
//try {
////原本main函数的内容
//solve();
//
//} catch (Exception e) {
//}
//}
static
class AReader{ 
    BufferedReader bf;
    StringTokenizer st;
    BufferedWriter bw;

    public AReader(){
        bf=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        st=new StringTokenizer("");
        bw=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out));
    }
    public String nextLine() throws IOException{
        return bf.readLine();
    }
    public String next() throws IOException{
        while(!st.hasMoreTokens()){
            st=new StringTokenizer(bf.readLine());
        }
        return st.nextToken();
    }
    public char nextChar() throws IOException{
        //确定下一个token只有一个字符的时候再用
        return next().charAt(0);
    }
    public int nextInt() throws IOException{
        return Integer.parseInt(next());
    }
    public long nextLong() throws IOException{
        return Long.parseLong(next());
    }
    public double nextDouble() throws IOException{
        return Double.parseDouble(next());
    }
    public float nextFloat() throws IOException{
        return Float.parseFloat(next());
    }
    public byte nextByte() throws IOException{
        return Byte.parseByte(next());
    }
    public short nextShort() throws IOException{
        return Short.parseShort(next());
    }
    public BigInteger nextBigInteger() throws IOException{
        return new BigInteger(next());
    }
    public void println() throws IOException {
        bw.newLine();
    }
    public void println(int[] arr) throws IOException{
        for (int value : arr) {
            bw.write(value + " ");
        }
        println();
    }
    public void println(int l, int r, int[] arr) throws IOException{
        for (int i = l; i <= r; i ++) {
            bw.write(arr[i] + " ");
        }
        println();
    }
    public void println(int a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(String.valueOf(a));
        bw.newLine();
    }
    public void print(int a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(String.valueOf(a));
    }
    public void println(String a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(a);
        bw.newLine();
    }
    public void print(String a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(a);
    }
    public void println(long a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(String.valueOf(a));
        bw.newLine();
    }
    public void print(long a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(String.valueOf(a));
    }
    public void println(double a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(String.valueOf(a));
        bw.newLine();
    }
    public void print(double a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(String.valueOf(a));
    }
    public void print(char a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(String.valueOf(a));
    }
    public void println(char a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(String.valueOf(a));
        bw.newLine();
    }
}
}




poj3041 Asteroids

Here

解题思路

  • 对于一个陨石(i,j),可以选择打第i行或第j列,一定只选其中一个
  • 考虑二分图匹配
  • 左集合为所有行,右集合为所有列,每个陨石看作行列的一条连边
  • 所以打完陨石的最少次数,即选择最少的点实现对所有边覆盖
  • 即求最小点覆盖,也就是最大匹配(最小点覆盖等于最大匹配)

import java.io.*;
import java.math.BigInteger;
import java.util.Arrays;
import java.util.StringTokenizer;











//implements Runnable
public class Main{
static long md=(long)998244353;
static long Linf=Long.MAX_VALUE/2;
static int inf=Integer.MAX_VALUE/2;
static int N=501;
static int n=0;
static int k=0;



static boolean[][] w=new boolean[N+1][N+1];
static boolean[] visy=new boolean[N+1];
static int[] link=new int[N+1];
static boolean dfs(int x) {
for(int i=1;i<=n;++i) {

if(!visy[i]&&w[x][i]) {
visy[i]=true;
if(link[i]==0||dfs(link[i])) {
link[i]=x;
return true;
}
}
}
return false;
}
static void solve() throws Exception{
AReader input=new AReader();
    PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out));
    n=input.nextInt();
    k=input.nextInt();
    
    for(int i=1;i<=k;++i) {
    int x=input.nextInt();
    int y=input.nextInt();
    w[x][y]=true;
    }
    int sum=0;
    for(int i=1;i<=n;++i) {
    Arrays.fill(visy, false);
    if(dfs(i))sum++;
    }
    
    out.print(sum);
     out.flush();
    out.close();
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception{
solve();
}
//public static final void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
//  new Thread(null, new Main(), "线程名字", 1 << 27).start();
//}
//@Override
//public void run() {
//try {
////原本main函数的内容
//solve();
//
//} catch (Exception e) {
//}
//}
static
class AReader{ 
    BufferedReader bf;
    StringTokenizer st;
    BufferedWriter bw;

    public AReader(){
        bf=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
        st=new StringTokenizer("");
        bw=new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(System.out));
    }
    public String nextLine() throws IOException{
        return bf.readLine();
    }
    public String next() throws IOException{
        while(!st.hasMoreTokens()){
            st=new StringTokenizer(bf.readLine());
        }
        return st.nextToken();
    }
    public char nextChar() throws IOException{
        //确定下一个token只有一个字符的时候再用
        return next().charAt(0);
    }
    public int nextInt() throws IOException{
        return Integer.parseInt(next());
    }
    public long nextLong() throws IOException{
        return Long.parseLong(next());
    }
    public double nextDouble() throws IOException{
        return Double.parseDouble(next());
    }
    public float nextFloat() throws IOException{
        return Float.parseFloat(next());
    }
    public byte nextByte() throws IOException{
        return Byte.parseByte(next());
    }
    public short nextShort() throws IOException{
        return Short.parseShort(next());
    }
    public BigInteger nextBigInteger() throws IOException{
        return new BigInteger(next());
    }
    public void println() throws IOException {
        bw.newLine();
    }
    public void println(int[] arr) throws IOException{
        for (int value : arr) {
            bw.write(value + " ");
        }
        println();
    }
    public void println(int l, int r, int[] arr) throws IOException{
        for (int i = l; i <= r; i ++) {
            bw.write(arr[i] + " ");
        }
        println();
    }
    public void println(int a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(String.valueOf(a));
        bw.newLine();
    }
    public void print(int a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(String.valueOf(a));
    }
    public void println(String a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(a);
        bw.newLine();
    }
    public void print(String a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(a);
    }
    public void println(long a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(String.valueOf(a));
        bw.newLine();
    }
    public void print(long a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(String.valueOf(a));
    }
    public void println(double a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(String.valueOf(a));
        bw.newLine();
    }
    public void print(double a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(String.valueOf(a));
    }
    public void print(char a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(String.valueOf(a));
    }
    public void println(char a) throws IOException{
        bw.write(String.valueOf(a));
        bw.newLine();
    }
}
}



 


原文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/Xing_ke/article/details/136519252

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