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oracle-函数-grouping sets(x1,x2,x3...)的妙用

GROUPING SETS 允许你为多个列组合生成分组汇总。它类似于多个 GROUP BY 子句的 UNION ALL 操作,但更加简洁和高效

首先:创建表及接入测试数据


create table students
(id number(15,0),
area varchar2(10),
stu_type varchar2(2),
score number(20,2));
insert into students values(1, '111', 'g', 80 );
insert into students values(1, '111', 'j', 80 );
insert into students values(1, '222', 'g', 89 );
insert into students values(1, '222', 'g', 68 );
insert into students values(2, '111', 'g', 80 );
insert into students values(2, '111', 'j', 70 );
insert into students values(2, '222', 'g', 60 );
insert into students values(2, '222', 'j', 65 );
insert into students values(3, '111', 'g', 75 );
insert into students values(3, '111', 'j', 58 );
insert into students values(3, '222', 'g', 58 );
insert into students values(3, '222', 'j', 90 );
insert into students values(4, '111', 'g', 89 );
insert into students values(4, '111', 'j', 90 );
insert into students values(4, '222', 'g', 90 );
insert into students values(4, '222', 'j', 89 );
commit;

sql示例:

select id, area, stu_type, sum(score) score
from students
group by grouping sets((id, area, stu_type), (id, area), id)
order by id, area, stu_type;
  1. (id, area, stu_type):按照 idarea 和 stu_type 三个字段进行分组,求出每个分组的 score 总和。
  2. (id, area):按照 id 和 area 两个字段进行分组,求出每个分组的 score 总和。
  3. id:仅按照 id 字段进行分组,求出每个分组的 score 总和。

GROUPING SETS 等效于 UNION ALL 的写法 

select * from (
    select id, area, stu_type, sum(score) from students group by id, area, stu_type
    union all
    select id, area, null, sum(score) from students group by id, area
    union all
    select id, null, null, sum(score) from students group by id
) order by id, area, stu_type;

 总结:

  • GROUPING SETS 是一种非常强大的 SQL 分组和聚合工具,它让我们能够在同一个查询中对多种不同的列组合进行聚合,避免了重复编写多个 GROUP BY 子句的麻烦,并且比使用 UNION ALL 更加高效。理解 GROUPING SETS 可以帮助我们在分析数据时获得更多层次的汇总信息。
  • GROUPING SETS:提供了最大的灵活性,允许你指定任意的列组合进行分组汇总。你可以精确地控制哪些列组合需要进行聚合,而不像 ROLLUPCUBE 那样会自动生成所有的汇总维度。


原文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/m0_51236292/article/details/143593287

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