自学内容网 自学内容网

Vert.x,Databases

Vert.x数据库(访问)简介

Vert.x提供了数据库相关模块(扩展包),方便我们通过异步方式访问数据库。数据库扩展主要包括:响应式数据库客户端(vertx-xxx-client)和通用JDBC客户端(vertx-jdbc-client)。

响应式数据库客户端是事件驱动和非阻塞的,可以仅仅使用一条线程来处理大量的数据库连接。专注于可伸缩性和低开销。这些客户端还内置连接池,提供了更简单易用的API。目前(v4.5.10),Vert.x提供主流数据库的响应式客户端,包含: PostgreSQL,MySQL,DB2,Oracle,MSSQL,MongoDB,Redis,Apache Cassandra。

如果不想使用Vert.x提供的响应式数据库客户端(比如某些特性不支持),或者Vert.x还没提供你所需要访问的数据库的响应式客户端,如: H2,那么可以通过通用JDBC客户端加JDBC驱动方式异步访问对应数据库。

Vert.x通过Sql Client API(vertx-sql-client)使用数据库客户端客户端,类图大致如下:

SQLOperations  <---   SQLClient <--  JDBCClient  <-- Pool <-- JDBCPool <--  JDBCPoolImpl
               <--+
       \- SQLConnection

使用响应式客户端

以MySQL为例,我们首先需要引入vertx-mysql-client依赖:

<dependency>
<groupId>io.vertx</groupId>
<artifactId>vertx-mysql-client</artifactId>
<version>4.5.10</version>
</dependency>

MySQL客户端的案例:

import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

import io.vertx.core.Future;
import io.vertx.mysqlclient.MySQLBuilder;
import io.vertx.mysqlclient.MySQLConnectOptions;
import io.vertx.sqlclient.PoolOptions;
import io.vertx.sqlclient.Row;
import io.vertx.sqlclient.RowSet;
import io.vertx.sqlclient.SqlClient;
import io.vertx.sqlclient.Tuple;

public class Db1 {
private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(Db1.class.getName());
public static void main(String[] args) {
MySQLConnectOptions connectOptions = new MySQLConnectOptions()
.setHost("127.0.0.1").setPort(3306)
.setUser("root").setPassword("Passw0rd")
.setDatabase("information_schema")
.addProperty("autoReconnect", "true") //添加连接参数
.addProperty("useSSL","false")
.addProperty("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true");

PoolOptions poolOptions = new PoolOptions().setMaxSize(5);

SqlClient client = MySQLBuilder.client()
.with(poolOptions)
.connectingTo(connectOptions)
.build();

String sqlText = "select table_name, TABLE_ROWS from tables where table_type=? and table_schema=? limit 2";
Future<RowSet<Row>> future = client.preparedQuery(sqlText)
.execute(Tuple.of("BASE TABLE", "performance_schema"));

future.onComplete(ar -> {
if (ar.succeeded()) {
RowSet<Row> rows = ar.result();
for (Row row : rows) {
// 注意: 字段名区分大小写
// 否则抛异常: java.util.NoSuchElementException: Column xxx does not exist
LOGGER.info(row.getString("TABLE_NAME") + ", " + row.getLong("TABLE_ROWS") + " rows.");
}
} else {
LOGGER.log(Level.SEVERE, "", ar.cause());
}
client.close(); // 关闭客户端
});
}
}

使用JDBC客户端

要使用JDBC客户端,需要引入"vertx-jdbc-client"和对应的JDBC驱动,如果使用连接池,还需要引入"agroal-pool"依赖:

<dependency>
<groupId>io.vertx</groupId>
<artifactId>vertx-jdbc-client</artifactId>
<version>4.5.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.agroal</groupId>
<artifactId>agroal-pool</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-j</artifactId>
<version>8.4.0</version>
</dependency>

JdbcClient访问MySQL数据库

访问MySQL数据库案例:

import java.util.logging.Level;
import java.util.logging.Logger;

import io.vertx.core.Vertx;
import io.vertx.jdbcclient.JDBCConnectOptions;
import io.vertx.jdbcclient.JDBCPool;
import io.vertx.sqlclient.PoolOptions;
import io.vertx.sqlclient.Row;
import io.vertx.sqlclient.RowSet;
import io.vertx.sqlclient.Tuple;

public class Db2 {
private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(Db2.class.getName());
public static void main(String[] args) {
JDBCConnectOptions connectOptions = new JDBCConnectOptions()
.setJdbcUrl("jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/information_schema?useSSL=false&autoReconnect=true")
.setUser("root").setPassword("Passw0rd");

PoolOptions poolOptions = new PoolOptions().setMaxSize(5).setName("mysql-conn-pool");

Vertx vertx = Vertx.vertx();

String sqlText = "select table_name, TABLE_ROWS from tables where table_type=? and table_schema=? limit 2";
JDBCPool client = JDBCPool.pool(vertx, connectOptions, poolOptions);

client.preparedQuery(sqlText)
.execute(Tuple.of("BASE TABLE", "performance_schema"))
.onComplete(ar -> {
if (ar.succeeded()) {
RowSet<Row> rows = ar.result();
for (Row row : rows) {
// 注意: 字段名区分大小写
// 否则抛异常: java.util.NoSuchElementException: Column xxx does not exist
LOGGER.info(row.getString("TABLE_NAME") + ", " + row.getLong("TABLE_ROWS") + " rows.");
}
} else {
LOGGER.log(Level.SEVERE, "", ar.cause());
}
client.close(); // 关闭客户端
});
}
}

Retrieving the generated keys

获取自动生成的键值。该功能依赖JDBC驱动的功能。

// 测试表结构: create table tpcc.test1(id int not null auto_increment, name varchar(32), primary key (id));
JDBCPool client = ...
// SqlClient = ... MySQL异步客户端不支持以下用法, lastInsertId.getLong(0)会返回空值。
String sqlText = "insert tpcc.test1(name) values('hello mysql client!')";
client.preparedQuery(sqlText).execute().onSuccess(rows -> {
Row lastInsertId = rows.property(JDBCPool.GENERATED_KEYS);
long newId = lastInsertId.getLong(0);
LOGGER.info("generated keys: " + newId);
client.close();
}).onFailure(e->e.printStackTrace());

使用存储过程和函数

/*
delimiter $$
create procedure tpcc.new_test1(OUT id INT, IN  name VARCHAR(32))
begin
insert tpcc.test1(name) values(name);
select LAST_INSERT_ID() into id;
end $$
delimiter ;
*/
String sqlText = "{call tpcc.new_test1(?, ?)}";
client.preparedQuery(sqlText)
.execute(Tuple.of(SqlOutParam.OUT(JDBCType.INTEGER), "John"))
.onFailure(e -> e.printStackTrace())
.onSuccess(rows -> {
if (rows.property(JDBCPool.OUTPUT)) {
for (Row row : rows) {
LOGGER.info("generated keys: " + row.getLong(0));
}
}
client.close();
});

SQL客户端模版

Vert.x提供一小的工具库SQL Client Templates来便利我们对数据库的访问,要使用SQL客户端模版需要引入vertx-sql-client-templates依赖:

<dependency>
<groupId>io.vertx</groupId>
<artifactId>vertx-sql-client-templates</artifactId>
<version>4.5.10</version>
</dependency>

使用命名参数


SqlClient client = ...
Map<String, Object> parameters = new HashMap<>();
parameters.put("type", "BASE TABLE");
parameters.put("schema", "performance_schema");

String sqlText = "select table_name, TABLE_ROWS from tables where table_type=#{type} and table_schema=#{schema} limit 2";
SqlTemplate.forQuery(client, sqlText).execute(parameters).onSuccess(rows -> {
for (Row row : rows) {
LOGGER.info(row.getString("TABLE_NAME") + ", " + row.getLong("TABLE_ROWS") + " rows.");
}
client.close();
});

行映射

可以提供一个自定义的RowMapper,将Row映射到一个实体类。

//   Row -> 用户类PsTable
class PsTable {
String tableName;
int rows;

public String getTableName() {
return tableName;
}

public void setTableName(String name) {
tableName = name;
}

public void setRows(int rows) {
this.rows = rows;
}

public int getRows() {
return rows;
}

@Override
public String toString() {
return tableName + ", " + rows + " rows.";
}
}
// ...
SqlTemplate.forQuery(client, sqlText).mapTo(row -> {
PsTable table = new PsTable();
table.setTableName(row.getString("TABLE_NAME"));
table.setRows(row.getInteger("TABLE_ROWS"));
return table;
}).execute(parameters).onSuccess(tables -> {
for (PsTable table : tables) {
LOGGER.info(table.toString());
}
client.close();
});

原文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/Li_Xiang_996/article/details/142584046

免责声明:本站文章内容转载自网络资源,如本站内容侵犯了原著者的合法权益,可联系本站删除。更多内容请关注自学内容网(zxcms.com)!