【专项刷题】— 快排
1、颜色分类 - 力扣(LeetCode)
思路:
- 创建三个指针,然后把数组分为三个区域
- 遍历
- 代码:
class Solution { public void swap(int[] nums, int i, int j){ int t = nums[i]; nums[i] = nums[j]; nums[j] = t; } public void sortColors(int[] nums) { int left = -1; int right = nums.length; int i = 0; while(i < right){ if(nums[i] == 0){ swap(nums, ++left, i++); }else if(nums[i] == 1){ i++; }else{ swap(nums, --right, i); } } } }
2、 排序数组 - 力扣(LeetCode)
思路:
- 题1的解法,只需优化一下,随机生成被比较的值即可
- 代码:
class Solution { public int[] sortArray(int[] nums) { qsort(nums, 0, nums.length - 1); return nums; } public void qsort(int[] nums, int l, int r){ if(l >= r){ return; } //随机生成值 int key = nums[(new Random().nextInt(r - l + 1) + l)]; int left = l-1; int i = l; int right = r+1; while(i < right){ if(nums[i] < key){ swap(nums,++left,i++); }else if (nums[i] == key){ i++; }else{ swap(nums, --right, i); } } qsort(nums, l, left); qsort(nums, right, r); } public void swap(int[] nums, int l,int r){ int tmp = nums[l]; nums[l] = nums[r]; nums[r] = tmp; } }
3、数组中的第K个最大元素 - 力扣(LeetCode)
思路:
- 在快排的基础上寻找这个第k大的数
- 把每个区间的元素的个数标出来,然后:
- 代码:
class Solution { public int findKthLargest(int[] nums, int k) { return qsort(nums, 0, nums.length - 1, k); } public int qsort(int[] nums, int l, int r, int k){ if(l == r){ return nums[l]; } //选择一个基准 int key = nums[new Random().nextInt(r-l+1)+l]; //根据基准将数组分为三个部分 int left = l - 1; int right = r + 1; int i = l; while(i < right){ if(nums[i] < key){ swap(nums, ++left, i++); }else if(nums[i] == key){ i++; }else{ swap(nums, --right, i); } } //分类讨论a:[l,left] b:[left+1,right-1] c:[right,r] int b = right - left - 1; int c = r - right + 1; if(c >= k){ return qsort(nums,right,r,k); }else if(b+c >= k){ return key; }else{ return qsort(nums, l, left, k - b- c); } } public void swap(int[] nums, int l, int r){ int tmp = nums[l]; nums[l] = nums[r]; nums[r] = tmp; } }
4、最小K个数 - 力扣(LeetCode)
思路:
- 与上一题的思路一样只不过是在分类讨论的时候改变一下
- 代码:
class Solution { public int[] smallestK(int[] nums, int k) { qsort(nums, 0, nums.length - 1, k); int[] ret = new int[k]; for(int i = 0; i < k; i++){ ret[i] = nums[i]; } return ret; } public void qsort(int[] nums, int l, int r, int k){ if(l >= r){ return; } //随机生成基准 int key = nums[new Random().nextInt(r-l+1)+l]; // int left = l-1; int right = r+1; int i = l; while(i < right){ if(nums[i] < key){ swap(nums, ++left, i++); }else if(nums[i] == key){ i++; }else{ swap(nums, --right, i); } } //分类讨论 int a = left - l +1; int b = right - left - 1; if(a > k){ qsort(nums, l, left, k); }else if(a+b > k){ return; }else{ qsort(nums, right, r, k-a-b); } } public void swap(int[] nums, int l, int r){ int tmp = nums[l]; nums[l] = nums[r]; nums[r] = tmp; } }
原文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_62678196/article/details/140559704
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