day 41 动归 04

 01背包问题 二维 
dp[i][j] 表示在物品i时，背包在j容量下的最大价值，递推公式为

dp[i][j] = Math.max(dp[i-1][j] , dp[i-1][j-weight[i]] + value[i]);

第一个时不放物品i，其价值等于在物品i-1时背包在j容量下的最大价值，第二个是放物品i，表示是在i-1物品时，背包在j-weight[i]时的价值加上i物品的价值。

public class BagProblem {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int[] weight = {1,3,4};
        int[] value = {15,20,30};
        int bagSize = 4;
        testWeightBagProblem(weight,value,bagSize);
    }
    public static void testWeightBagProblem(int[] weight, int[] value, int bagSize){
        int goods = weight.length;
        int[][] dp = new int[goods][bagSize + 1];
        for (int j = weight[0]; j <= bagSize; j++) {
            dp[0][j] = value[0];
        }
        for (int i = 1; i < weight.length; i++) {
            for (int j = 1; j <= bagSize; j++) {
                if (j < weight[i]) {
                    dp[i][j] = dp[i-1][j];
                } else {
                    dp[i][j] = Math.max(dp[i-1][j] , dp[i-1][j-weight[i]] + value[i]);
                }
            }
        }
        for (int i = 0; i < goods; i++) {
            for (int j = 0; j <= bagSize; j++) {
                System.out.print(dp[i][j] + "\t");
            }
            System.out.println("\n");
        }
    }
}

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        int[] weight = {1, 3, 4};
        int[] value = {15, 20, 30};
        int bagWight = 4;
        testWeightBagProblem(weight, value, bagWight);
    }

    public static void testWeightBagProblem(int[] weight, int[] value, int bagWeight){
        int wLen = weight.length;
        //定义dp数组：dp[j]表示背包容量为j时，能获得的最大价值
        int[] dp = new int[bagWeight + 1];
        //遍历顺序：先遍历物品，再遍历背包容量
        for (int i = 0; i < wLen; i++){
            for (int j = bagWeight; j >= weight[i]; j--){
                dp[j] = Math.max(dp[j], dp[j - weight[i]] + value[i]);
            }
        }
        //打印dp数组
        for (int j = 0; j <= bagWeight; j++){
            System.out.print(dp[j] + " ");
        }
    }

class Solution {
    public boolean canPartition(int[] nums) {
        if(nums == null || nums.length == 0) return false;
        int n = nums.length;
        int sum = 0;
        for(int num : nums) {
            sum += num;
        }
        //总和为奇数，不能平分
        if(sum % 2 != 0) return false;
        int target = sum / 2;
        int[] dp = new int[target + 1];
        for(int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
            for(int j = target; j >= nums[i]; j--) {
                //物品 i 的重量是 nums[i]，其价值也是 nums[i]
                dp[j] = Math.max(dp[j], dp[j - nums[i]] + nums[i]);
            }
           
            //剪枝一下，每一次完成內層的for-loop，立即檢查是否dp[target] == target，優化時間複雜度（26ms -> 20ms）
            if(dp[target] == target)
                return true;
        }
        return dp[target] == target;
    }
}