STM32标准库基础知识
目录
前言
最近想重温一下32标准库的内容,所以打算写几篇博客梳理一遍之前学过的知识点,图片和代码都是参考江科大的,江科大32教程非常不错,不管是小白还是大佬想学习32标准库都可以看他b站的课程。
一、建立第一个工程文件
步骤主要如下:
- 建立工程文件夹,Keil中新建工程,选择型号
- 工程文件夹里建立Start、Library、User等文件夹,复制固件库里面的文件到工程文件夹
- 工程选项,C/C++,Include Paths内声明所有包含头文件的文件夹
- 工程选项,C/C++,Define内定义USE_STDPERIPH_DRIVER
- 工程选项,Debug,下拉列表选择对应调试器,Settings,Flash Download里勾选Reset and Run
1.新建文件选择型号
在这里选择stm32f103c8t6
2.从固件包添加工程必要文件
(1)添加启动文件
D:固件库\STM32F10x_StdPeriph_Lib_V3.5.0\Libraries\CMSIS\CM3\DeviceSupport\ST
\STM32F10x\startup\arm
STM32的程序是从启动文件开始执行的,新建文件夹把启动文件和需要的文件添加进去
后续选择md.s启动文件添加上去
(2)添加库文件
定义外设库文件后下面语句才成立
(3)添加库文件头文件包含关系文件和中断相关文件
3.添加路径和头文件
添加文件路径,后续自己新添加的文件都需要添加文件路径,在这里只示例一个
添加一个文件放main.c文件,然后加入头文件编译测试无错误
编码如图选择,才不会产生中文乱码
4.烧录代码
Debug选择ST-Link
编译后无错误点击LOAD下载即可烧录
二、GPIO输入输出
- GPIO(General PurposeInput Output)通用输入输出口
- 可配置为8种输入输出模式
- 引脚电平:0V~3.3V,部分引脚可容忍5V
- 输出模式下可控制端口输出高低电平,用以驱动LED、控制蜂鸣器模拟通信协议输出时序等
- 输入模式下可读取端口的高低电平或电压,用于读取按键输入、外接模块电平信号输入、ADC电压采集、模拟通信协议接收数据等
1.8种输入输出模式
通过配置GPIO的端口配置寄存器,端口可以配置成以下8种模式:
浮空/上拉/下拉输入:IN_FLOATING/IPD(In Pull Down)/IPU(In Pull Up)
模拟输入:AIN(Analog input)
开漏/推挽输出:Out_OD(Out Open Drain)/ Out_PP(Out Push Pull)
复用开漏/推挽输出:AF_OD(Atl Open Drain)/ AF_PP(ATL Push Pull)
对于普通的开漏/推挽输出,引脚的控制权是来自输出数据寄存器,复用开漏/推挽输出可以使引脚的控制权是来自外设,例如我们想用定时器控制引脚输出PWM波形,那就需要使用复用开漏/推挽输出的模式
2.LED灯和蜂鸣器示例
硬件原理图:
NPN:高通低断(负载在上方)
PNP:低通高断(负载在下方)
通过原理图可知仅需要配置时钟和GPIO初始化,然后设置引脚高低电平即可实现对应功能。
(1)点亮一个灯
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
int main(void)
{
/*开启时钟*/
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);//开启GPIOA的时钟
//使用各个外设前必须开启时钟,否则对外设的操作无效
/*GPIO初始化*/
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;//定义结构体变量
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;//GPIO模式,赋值为推挽输出模式
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_0;//GPIO引脚,赋值为第0号引脚
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;//GPIO速度,赋值为50MHz
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);//将赋值后的构体变量传递给GPIO_Init函数
//函数内部会自动根据结构体的参数配置相应寄存器
//实现GPIOA的初始化
/*主循环,循环体内的代码会一直循环执行*/
while (1)
{
/*设置PA0引脚的高低电平,实现LED闪烁,下面展示3种方法*/
/*方法1:GPIO_ResetBits设置低电平,GPIO_SetBits设置高电平*/
GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_0);//将PA0引脚设置为低电平
Delay_ms(500);//延时500ms
GPIO_SetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_0);//将PA0引脚设置为高电平
Delay_ms(500);//延时500ms
/*方法2:GPIO_WriteBit设置低/高电平,由Bit_RESET/Bit_SET指定*/
GPIO_WriteBit(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_0, Bit_RESET);//将PA0引脚设置为低电平
Delay_ms(500);//延时500ms
GPIO_WriteBit(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_0, Bit_SET);//将PA0引脚设置为高电平
Delay_ms(500);//延时500ms
/*方法3:GPIO_WriteBit设置低/高电平,由数据0/1指定,数据需要强转为BitAction类型*/
GPIO_WriteBit(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_0, (BitAction)0);//将PA0引脚设置为低电平
Delay_ms(500);//延时500ms
GPIO_WriteBit(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_0, (BitAction)1);//将PA0引脚设置为高电平
Delay_ms(500);//延时500ms
}
}
(2)流水灯
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
int main(void)
{
/*开启时钟*/
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);//开启GPIOA的时钟
//使用各个外设前必须开启时钟,否则对外设的操作无效
/*GPIO初始化*/
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;//定义结构体变量
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;//GPIO模式,赋值为推挽输出模式
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_All;//GPIO引脚,赋值为所有引脚
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;//GPIO速度,赋值为50MHz
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);//将赋值后的构体变量传递给GPIO_Init函数
//函数内部会自动根据结构体的参数配置相应寄存器
//实现GPIOA的初始化
/*主循环,循环体内的代码会一直循环执行*/
while (1)
{
/*使用GPIO_Write,同时设置GPIOA所有引脚的高低电平,实现LED流水灯*/
GPIO_Write(GPIOA, ~0x0001);//0000 0000 0000 0001,PA0引脚为低电平,其他引脚均为高电平,注意数据有按位取反
Delay_ms(100);//延时100ms
GPIO_Write(GPIOA, ~0x0002);//0000 0000 0000 0010,PA1引脚为低电平,其他引脚均为高电平
Delay_ms(100);//延时100ms
GPIO_Write(GPIOA, ~0x0004);//0000 0000 0000 0100,PA2引脚为低电平,其他引脚均为高电平
Delay_ms(100);//延时100ms
GPIO_Write(GPIOA, ~0x0008);//0000 0000 0000 1000,PA3引脚为低电平,其他引脚均为高电平
Delay_ms(100);//延时100ms
GPIO_Write(GPIOA, ~0x0010);//0000 0000 0001 0000,PA4引脚为低电平,其他引脚均为高电平
Delay_ms(100);//延时100ms
GPIO_Write(GPIOA, ~0x0020);//0000 0000 0010 0000,PA5引脚为低电平,其他引脚均为高电平
Delay_ms(100);//延时100ms
GPIO_Write(GPIOA, ~0x0040);//0000 0000 0100 0000,PA6引脚为低电平,其他引脚均为高电平
Delay_ms(100);//延时100ms
GPIO_Write(GPIOA, ~0x0080);//0000 0000 1000 0000,PA7引脚为低电平,其他引脚均为高电平
Delay_ms(100);//延时100ms
}
}
(3)蜂鸣器
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
int main(void)
{
/*开启时钟*/
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);//开启GPIOB的时钟
//使用各个外设前必须开启时钟,否则对外设的操作无效
/*GPIO初始化*/
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;//定义结构体变量
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;//GPIO模式,赋值为推挽输出模式
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_12;//GPIO引脚,赋值为第12号引脚
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;//GPIO速度,赋值为50MHz
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);//将赋值后的构体变量传递给GPIO_Init函数
//函数内部会自动根据结构体的参数配置相应寄存器
//实现GPIOB的初始化
/*主循环,循环体内的代码会一直循环执行*/
while (1)
{
GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12);//将PB12引脚设置为低电平,蜂鸣器鸣叫
Delay_ms(100);//延时100ms
GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12);//将PB12引脚设置为高电平,蜂鸣器停止
Delay_ms(100);//延时100ms
GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12);//将PB12引脚设置为低电平,蜂鸣器鸣叫
Delay_ms(100);//延时100ms
GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12);//将PB12引脚设置为高电平,蜂鸣器停止
Delay_ms(700);//延时700ms
}
}
3.按键和传感器示例
硬件原理图:
由原理图可知左边两种电路引脚要设为上拉或下拉输入模式,右边两种电路引脚可设为浮空输入模式,因为已经外置了上下拉电阻,一般都用上面两种接法
(1)按键控制LED亮灭
key.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
/**
* 函 数:按键初始化
* 参 数:无
* 返 回 值:无
*/
void Key_Init(void)
{
/*开启时钟*/
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);//开启GPIOB的时钟
/*GPIO初始化*/
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_1 | GPIO_Pin_11;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);//将PB1和PB11引脚初始化为上拉输入
}
/**
* 函 数:按键获取键码
* 参 数:无
* 返 回 值:按下按键的键码值,范围:0~2,返回0代表没有按键按下
* 注意事项:此函数是阻塞式操作,当按键按住不放时,函数会卡住,直到按键松手
*/
uint8_t Key_GetNum(void)
{
uint8_t KeyNum = 0;//定义变量,默认键码值为0
if (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_1) == 0)//读PB1输入寄存器的状态,如果为0,则代表按键1按下
{
Delay_ms(20);//延时消抖
while (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_1) == 0);//等待按键松手
Delay_ms(20);//延时消抖
KeyNum = 1;//置键码为1
}
if (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_11) == 0)//读PB11输入寄存器的状态,如果为0,则代表按键2按下
{
Delay_ms(20);//延时消抖
while (GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_11) == 0);//等待按键松手
Delay_ms(20);//延时消抖
KeyNum = 2;//置键码为2
}
return KeyNum;//返回键码值,如果没有按键按下,所有if都不成立,则键码为默认值0
}
key.h
#ifndef __KEY_H
#define __KEY_H
void Key_Init(void);
uint8_t Key_GetNum(void);
#endif
led.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
/**
* 函 数:LED初始化
* 参 数:无
* 返 回 值:无
*/
void LED_Init(void)
{
/*开启时钟*/
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOA, ENABLE);//开启GPIOA的时钟
/*GPIO初始化*/
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_1 | GPIO_Pin_2;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOA, &GPIO_InitStructure);//将PA1和PA2引脚初始化为推挽输出
/*设置GPIO初始化后的默认电平*/
GPIO_SetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_1 | GPIO_Pin_2);//设置PA1和PA2引脚为高电平
}
/**
* 函 数:LED1开启
* 参 数:无
* 返 回 值:无
*/
void LED1_ON(void)
{
GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_1);//设置PA1引脚为低电平
}
/**
* 函 数:LED1关闭
* 参 数:无
* 返 回 值:无
*/
void LED1_OFF(void)
{
GPIO_SetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_1);//设置PA1引脚为高电平
}
/**
* 函 数:LED1状态翻转
* 参 数:无
* 返 回 值:无
*/
void LED1_Turn(void)
{
if (GPIO_ReadOutputDataBit(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_1) == 0)//获取输出寄存器的状态,如果当前引脚输出低电平
{
GPIO_SetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_1);//则设置PA1引脚为高电平
}
else//否则,即当前引脚输出高电平
{
GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_1);//则设置PA1引脚为低电平
}
}
/**
* 函 数:LED2开启
* 参 数:无
* 返 回 值:无
*/
void LED2_ON(void)
{
GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_2);//设置PA2引脚为低电平
}
/**
* 函 数:LED2关闭
* 参 数:无
* 返 回 值:无
*/
void LED2_OFF(void)
{
GPIO_SetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_2);//设置PA2引脚为高电平
}
/**
* 函 数:LED2状态翻转
* 参 数:无
* 返 回 值:无
*/
void LED2_Turn(void)
{
if (GPIO_ReadOutputDataBit(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_2) == 0)//获取输出寄存器的状态,如果当前引脚输出低电平
{
GPIO_SetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_2); //则设置PA2引脚为高电平
}
else //否则,即当前引脚输出高电平
{
GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOA, GPIO_Pin_2); //则设置PA2引脚为低电平
}
}
led.h
#ifndef __LED_H
#define __LED_H
void LED_Init(void);
void LED1_ON(void);
void LED1_OFF(void);
void LED1_Turn(void);
void LED2_ON(void);
void LED2_OFF(void);
void LED2_Turn(void);
#endif
main.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "LED.h"
#include "Key.h"
uint8_t KeyNum;//定义用于接收按键键码的变量
int main(void)
{
/*模块初始化*/
LED_Init();//LED初始化
Key_Init();//按键初始化
while (1)
{
KeyNum = Key_GetNum();//获取按键键码
if (KeyNum == 1)//按键1按下
{
LED1_Turn();//LED1翻转
}
if (KeyNum == 2)//按键2按下
{
LED2_Turn();//LED2翻转
}
}
}
(2)光敏传感器控制蜂鸣器
buzzer.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
/**
* 函 数:蜂鸣器初始化
* 参 数:无
* 返 回 值:无
*/
void Buzzer_Init(void)
{
/*开启时钟*/
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);//开启GPIOB的时钟
/*GPIO初始化*/
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_12;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);//将PB12引脚初始化为推挽输出
/*设置GPIO初始化后的默认电平*/
GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12);//设置PB12引脚为高电平
}
/**
* 函 数:蜂鸣器开启
* 参 数:无
* 返 回 值:无
*/
void Buzzer_ON(void)
{
GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12);//设置PB12引脚为低电平
}
/**
* 函 数:蜂鸣器关闭
* 参 数:无
* 返 回 值:无
*/
void Buzzer_OFF(void)
{
GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12);//设置PB12引脚为高电平
}
/**
* 函 数:蜂鸣器状态翻转
* 参 数:无
* 返 回 值:无
*/
void Buzzer_Turn(void)
{
if (GPIO_ReadOutputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12) == 0)//获取输出寄存器的状态,如果当前引脚输出低电平
{
GPIO_SetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12);//则设置PB12引脚为高电平
}
else//否则,即当前引脚输出高电平
{
GPIO_ResetBits(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_12);//则设置PB12引脚为低电平
}
}
buzzer.h
#ifndef __BUZZER_H
#define __BUZZER_H
void Buzzer_Init(void);
void Buzzer_ON(void);
void Buzzer_OFF(void);
void Buzzer_Turn(void);
#endif
lightsensor.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
/**
* 函 数:光敏传感器初始化
* 参 数:无
* 返 回 值:无
*/
void LightSensor_Init(void)
{
/*开启时钟*/
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);//开启GPIOB的时钟
/*GPIO初始化*/
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_IPU;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_13;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);//将PB13引脚初始化为上拉输入
}
/**
* 函 数:获取当前光敏传感器输出的高低电平
* 参 数:无
* 返 回 值:光敏传感器输出的高低电平,范围:0/1
*/
uint8_t LightSensor_Get(void)
{
return GPIO_ReadInputDataBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_13);//返回PB13输入寄存器的状态
}
lightsensor.h
#ifndef __LIGHT_SENSOR_H
#define __LIGHT_SENSOR_H
void LightSensor_Init(void);
uint8_t LightSensor_Get(void);
#endif
main.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "Buzzer.h"
#include "LightSensor.h"
int main(void)
{
/*模块初始化*/
Buzzer_Init();//蜂鸣器初始化
LightSensor_Init();//光敏传感器初始化
while (1)
{
if (LightSensor_Get() == 1)//如果当前光敏输出1
{
Buzzer_ON();//蜂鸣器开启
}
else//否则
{
Buzzer_OFF();//蜂鸣器关闭
}
}
}
三、OLED调试工具
常用三种调试方式如下:
- 串口调试:通过串口通信,将调试信息发送到电脑端,电脑使用串口助手显示调试信息
- 显示屏调试:直接将显示屏连接到单片机,将调试信息打印在显示屏上
- Keil调试模式:借助Keil软件的调试模式,可使用单步运行、设置断点、查看寄存器及变量等功能
1.OLED介绍
硬件电路:四针脚用I2C协议,七针脚用SPI协议
在这里我们使用OLED驱动函数进行调试,如下图:
2.OLED驱动代码
oled.c
#include "stm32f10x.h"
#include "OLED_Font.h"
/*引脚配置*/
#define OLED_W_SCL(x)GPIO_WriteBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_8, (BitAction)(x))
#define OLED_W_SDA(x)GPIO_WriteBit(GPIOB, GPIO_Pin_9, (BitAction)(x))
/*引脚初始化*/
void OLED_I2C_Init(void)
{
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB, ENABLE);
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_Out_OD;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_8;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_9;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
OLED_W_SCL(1);
OLED_W_SDA(1);
}
/**
* @brief I2C开始
* @param 无
* @retval 无
*/
void OLED_I2C_Start(void)
{
OLED_W_SDA(1);
OLED_W_SCL(1);
OLED_W_SDA(0);
OLED_W_SCL(0);
}
/**
* @brief I2C停止
* @param 无
* @retval 无
*/
void OLED_I2C_Stop(void)
{
OLED_W_SDA(0);
OLED_W_SCL(1);
OLED_W_SDA(1);
}
/**
* @brief I2C发送一个字节
* @param Byte 要发送的一个字节
* @retval 无
*/
void OLED_I2C_SendByte(uint8_t Byte)
{
uint8_t i;
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
{
OLED_W_SDA(Byte & (0x80 >> i));
OLED_W_SCL(1);
OLED_W_SCL(0);
}
OLED_W_SCL(1);//额外的一个时钟,不处理应答信号
OLED_W_SCL(0);
}
/**
* @brief OLED写命令
* @param Command 要写入的命令
* @retval 无
*/
void OLED_WriteCommand(uint8_t Command)
{
OLED_I2C_Start();
OLED_I2C_SendByte(0x78);//从机地址
OLED_I2C_SendByte(0x00);//写命令
OLED_I2C_SendByte(Command);
OLED_I2C_Stop();
}
/**
* @brief OLED写数据
* @param Data 要写入的数据
* @retval 无
*/
void OLED_WriteData(uint8_t Data)
{
OLED_I2C_Start();
OLED_I2C_SendByte(0x78);//从机地址
OLED_I2C_SendByte(0x40);//写数据
OLED_I2C_SendByte(Data);
OLED_I2C_Stop();
}
/**
* @brief OLED设置光标位置
* @param Y 以左上角为原点,向下方向的坐标,范围:0~7
* @param X 以左上角为原点,向右方向的坐标,范围:0~127
* @retval 无
*/
void OLED_SetCursor(uint8_t Y, uint8_t X)
{
OLED_WriteCommand(0xB0 | Y);//设置Y位置
OLED_WriteCommand(0x10 | ((X & 0xF0) >> 4));//设置X位置高4位
OLED_WriteCommand(0x00 | (X & 0x0F));//设置X位置低4位
}
/**
* @brief OLED清屏
* @param 无
* @retval 无
*/
void OLED_Clear(void)
{
uint8_t i, j;
for (j = 0; j < 8; j++)
{
OLED_SetCursor(j, 0);
for(i = 0; i < 128; i++)
{
OLED_WriteData(0x00);
}
}
}
/**
* @brief OLED显示一个字符
* @param Line 行位置,范围:1~4
* @param Column 列位置,范围:1~16
* @param Char 要显示的一个字符,范围:ASCII可见字符
* @retval 无
*/
void OLED_ShowChar(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, char Char)
{
uint8_t i;
OLED_SetCursor((Line - 1) * 2, (Column - 1) * 8);//设置光标位置在上半部分
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
{
OLED_WriteData(OLED_F8x16[Char - ' '][i]);//显示上半部分内容
}
OLED_SetCursor((Line - 1) * 2 + 1, (Column - 1) * 8);//设置光标位置在下半部分
for (i = 0; i < 8; i++)
{
OLED_WriteData(OLED_F8x16[Char - ' '][i + 8]);//显示下半部分内容
}
}
/**
* @brief OLED显示字符串
* @param Line 起始行位置,范围:1~4
* @param Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16
* @param String 要显示的字符串,范围:ASCII可见字符
* @retval 无
*/
void OLED_ShowString(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, char *String)
{
uint8_t i;
for (i = 0; String[i] != '\0'; i++)
{
OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column + i, String[i]);
}
}
/**
* @brief OLED次方函数
* @retval 返回值等于X的Y次方
*/
uint32_t OLED_Pow(uint32_t X, uint32_t Y)
{
uint32_t Result = 1;
while (Y--)
{
Result *= X;
}
return Result;
}
/**
* @brief OLED显示数字(十进制,正数)
* @param Line 起始行位置,范围:1~4
* @param Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16
* @param Number 要显示的数字,范围:0~4294967295
* @param Length 要显示数字的长度,范围:1~10
* @retval 无
*/
void OLED_ShowNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{
uint8_t i;
for (i = 0; i < Length; i++)
{
OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column + i, Number / OLED_Pow(10, Length - i - 1) % 10 + '0');
}
}
/**
* @brief OLED显示数字(十进制,带符号数)
* @param Line 起始行位置,范围:1~4
* @param Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16
* @param Number 要显示的数字,范围:-2147483648~2147483647
* @param Length 要显示数字的长度,范围:1~10
* @retval 无
*/
void OLED_ShowSignedNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, int32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{
uint8_t i;
uint32_t Number1;
if (Number >= 0)
{
OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column, '+');
Number1 = Number;
}
else
{
OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column, '-');
Number1 = -Number;
}
for (i = 0; i < Length; i++)
{
OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column + i + 1, Number1 / OLED_Pow(10, Length - i - 1) % 10 + '0');
}
}
/**
* @brief OLED显示数字(十六进制,正数)
* @param Line 起始行位置,范围:1~4
* @param Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16
* @param Number 要显示的数字,范围:0~0xFFFFFFFF
* @param Length 要显示数字的长度,范围:1~8
* @retval 无
*/
void OLED_ShowHexNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{
uint8_t i, SingleNumber;
for (i = 0; i < Length; i++)
{
SingleNumber = Number / OLED_Pow(16, Length - i - 1) % 16;
if (SingleNumber < 10)
{
OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column + i, SingleNumber + '0');
}
else
{
OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column + i, SingleNumber - 10 + 'A');
}
}
}
/**
* @brief OLED显示数字(二进制,正数)
* @param Line 起始行位置,范围:1~4
* @param Column 起始列位置,范围:1~16
* @param Number 要显示的数字,范围:0~1111 1111 1111 1111
* @param Length 要显示数字的长度,范围:1~16
* @retval 无
*/
void OLED_ShowBinNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length)
{
uint8_t i;
for (i = 0; i < Length; i++)
{
OLED_ShowChar(Line, Column + i, Number / OLED_Pow(2, Length - i - 1) % 2 + '0');
}
}
/**
* @brief OLED初始化
* @param 无
* @retval 无
*/
void OLED_Init(void)
{
uint32_t i, j;
for (i = 0; i < 1000; i++)//上电延时
{
for (j = 0; j < 1000; j++);
}
OLED_I2C_Init();//端口初始化
OLED_WriteCommand(0xAE);//关闭显示
OLED_WriteCommand(0xD5);//设置显示时钟分频比/振荡器频率
OLED_WriteCommand(0x80);
OLED_WriteCommand(0xA8);//设置多路复用率
OLED_WriteCommand(0x3F);
OLED_WriteCommand(0xD3);//设置显示偏移
OLED_WriteCommand(0x00);
OLED_WriteCommand(0x40);//设置显示开始行
OLED_WriteCommand(0xA1);//设置左右方向,0xA1正常 0xA0左右反置
OLED_WriteCommand(0xC8);//设置上下方向,0xC8正常 0xC0上下反置
OLED_WriteCommand(0xDA);//设置COM引脚硬件配置
OLED_WriteCommand(0x12);
OLED_WriteCommand(0x81);//设置对比度控制
OLED_WriteCommand(0xCF);
OLED_WriteCommand(0xD9);//设置预充电周期
OLED_WriteCommand(0xF1);
OLED_WriteCommand(0xDB);//设置VCOMH取消选择级别
OLED_WriteCommand(0x30);
OLED_WriteCommand(0xA4);//设置整个显示打开/关闭
OLED_WriteCommand(0xA6);//设置正常/倒转显示
OLED_WriteCommand(0x8D);//设置充电泵
OLED_WriteCommand(0x14);
OLED_WriteCommand(0xAF);//开启显示
OLED_Clear();//OLED清屏
}
oled.h
#ifndef __OLED_H
#define __OLED_H
void OLED_Init(void);
void OLED_Clear(void);
void OLED_ShowChar(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, char Char);
void OLED_ShowString(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, char *String);
void OLED_ShowNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length);
void OLED_ShowSignedNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, int32_t Number, uint8_t Length);
void OLED_ShowHexNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length);
void OLED_ShowBinNum(uint8_t Line, uint8_t Column, uint32_t Number, uint8_t Length);
#endif
oled.font.h
#ifndef __OLED_FONT_H
#define __OLED_FONT_H
/*OLED字模库,宽8像素,高16像素*/
const uint8_t OLED_F8x16[][16]=
{
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,// 0
0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x33,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,//! 1
0x00,0x10,0x0C,0x06,0x10,0x0C,0x06,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//" 2
0x40,0xC0,0x78,0x40,0xC0,0x78,0x40,0x00,
0x04,0x3F,0x04,0x04,0x3F,0x04,0x04,0x00,//# 3
0x00,0x70,0x88,0xFC,0x08,0x30,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x18,0x20,0xFF,0x21,0x1E,0x00,0x00,//$ 4
0xF0,0x08,0xF0,0x00,0xE0,0x18,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x21,0x1C,0x03,0x1E,0x21,0x1E,0x00,//% 5
0x00,0xF0,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x1E,0x21,0x23,0x24,0x19,0x27,0x21,0x10,//& 6
0x10,0x16,0x0E,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//' 7
0x00,0x00,0x00,0xE0,0x18,0x04,0x02,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x20,0x40,0x00,//( 8
0x00,0x02,0x04,0x18,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x40,0x20,0x18,0x07,0x00,0x00,0x00,//) 9
0x40,0x40,0x80,0xF0,0x80,0x40,0x40,0x00,
0x02,0x02,0x01,0x0F,0x01,0x02,0x02,0x00,//* 10
0x00,0x00,0x00,0xF0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x01,0x01,0x01,0x1F,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,//+ 11
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x80,0xB0,0x70,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//, 12
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x01,//- 13
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//. 14
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x18,0x04,
0x00,0x60,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,0x00,0x00,/// 15
0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,
0x00,0x0F,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//0 16
0x00,0x10,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//1 17
0x00,0x70,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,
0x00,0x30,0x28,0x24,0x22,0x21,0x30,0x00,//2 18
0x00,0x30,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x48,0x30,0x00,
0x00,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//3 19
0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x20,0x10,0xF8,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x07,0x04,0x24,0x24,0x3F,0x24,0x00,//4 20
0x00,0xF8,0x08,0x88,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x00,
0x00,0x19,0x21,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//5 21
0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x88,0x88,0x18,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x0F,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//6 22
0x00,0x38,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//7 23
0x00,0x70,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x88,0x70,0x00,
0x00,0x1C,0x22,0x21,0x21,0x22,0x1C,0x00,//8 24
0x00,0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x31,0x22,0x22,0x11,0x0F,0x00,//9 25
0x00,0x00,0x00,0xC0,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x30,0x00,0x00,0x00,//: 26
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x80,0x60,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//; 27
0x00,0x00,0x80,0x40,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x00,
0x00,0x01,0x02,0x04,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x00,//< 28
0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,
0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x04,0x00,//= 29
0x00,0x08,0x10,0x20,0x40,0x80,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x04,0x02,0x01,0x00,//> 30
0x00,0x70,0x48,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xF0,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x30,0x36,0x01,0x00,0x00,//? 31
0xC0,0x30,0xC8,0x28,0xE8,0x10,0xE0,0x00,
0x07,0x18,0x27,0x24,0x23,0x14,0x0B,0x00,//@ 32
0x00,0x00,0xC0,0x38,0xE0,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x20,0x3C,0x23,0x02,0x02,0x27,0x38,0x20,//A 33
0x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x70,0x00,0x00,
0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//B 34
0xC0,0x30,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,
0x07,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x08,0x00,//C 35
0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,
0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//D 36
0x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xE8,0x08,0x10,0x00,
0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x23,0x20,0x18,0x00,//E 37
0x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0xE8,0x08,0x10,0x00,
0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x03,0x00,0x00,0x00,//F 38
0xC0,0x30,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,0x00,
0x07,0x18,0x20,0x20,0x22,0x1E,0x02,0x00,//G 39
0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,
0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x01,0x01,0x21,0x3F,0x20,//H 40
0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//I 41
0x00,0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x00,
0xC0,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,//J 42
0x08,0xF8,0x88,0xC0,0x28,0x18,0x08,0x00,
0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x01,0x26,0x38,0x20,0x00,//K 43
0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x30,0x00,//L 44
0x08,0xF8,0xF8,0x00,0xF8,0xF8,0x08,0x00,
0x20,0x3F,0x00,0x3F,0x00,0x3F,0x20,0x00,//M 45
0x08,0xF8,0x30,0xC0,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,
0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x07,0x18,0x3F,0x00,//N 46
0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,
0x0F,0x10,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x0F,0x00,//O 47
0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xF0,0x00,
0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x01,0x01,0x01,0x00,0x00,//P 48
0xE0,0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x10,0xE0,0x00,
0x0F,0x18,0x24,0x24,0x38,0x50,0x4F,0x00,//Q 49
0x08,0xF8,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x70,0x00,
0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x03,0x0C,0x30,0x20,//R 50
0x00,0x70,0x88,0x08,0x08,0x08,0x38,0x00,
0x00,0x38,0x20,0x21,0x21,0x22,0x1C,0x00,//S 51
0x18,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x08,0x18,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,//T 52
0x08,0xF8,0x08,0x00,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x08,
0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1F,0x00,//U 53
0x08,0x78,0x88,0x00,0x00,0xC8,0x38,0x08,
0x00,0x00,0x07,0x38,0x0E,0x01,0x00,0x00,//V 54
0xF8,0x08,0x00,0xF8,0x00,0x08,0xF8,0x00,
0x03,0x3C,0x07,0x00,0x07,0x3C,0x03,0x00,//W 55
0x08,0x18,0x68,0x80,0x80,0x68,0x18,0x08,
0x20,0x30,0x2C,0x03,0x03,0x2C,0x30,0x20,//X 56
0x08,0x38,0xC8,0x00,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x00,0x00,//Y 57
0x10,0x08,0x08,0x08,0xC8,0x38,0x08,0x00,
0x20,0x38,0x26,0x21,0x20,0x20,0x18,0x00,//Z 58
0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFE,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x7F,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x00,//[ 59
0x00,0x0C,0x30,0xC0,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x01,0x06,0x38,0xC0,0x00,//\ 60
0x00,0x02,0x02,0x02,0xFE,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x40,0x40,0x40,0x7F,0x00,0x00,0x00,//] 61
0x00,0x00,0x04,0x02,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//^ 62
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,//_ 63
0x00,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//` 64
0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x19,0x24,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x3F,0x20,//a 65
0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x3F,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//b 66
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x00,//c 67
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x88,0xF8,0x00,
0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x3F,0x20,//d 68
0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x1F,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x22,0x13,0x00,//e 69
0x00,0x80,0x80,0xF0,0x88,0x88,0x88,0x18,
0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//f 70
0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,
0x00,0x6B,0x94,0x94,0x94,0x93,0x60,0x00,//g 71
0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,
0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,//h 72
0x00,0x80,0x98,0x98,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//i 73
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x98,0x98,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0xC0,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x7F,0x00,0x00,//j 74
0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,
0x20,0x3F,0x24,0x02,0x2D,0x30,0x20,0x00,//k 75
0x00,0x08,0x08,0xF8,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//l 76
0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,
0x20,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x3F,0x20,0x00,0x3F,//m 77
0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,
0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x00,0x00,0x20,0x3F,0x20,//n 78
0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x1F,0x00,//o 79
0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x80,0xFF,0xA1,0x20,0x20,0x11,0x0E,0x00,//p 80
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,
0x00,0x0E,0x11,0x20,0x20,0xA0,0xFF,0x80,//q 81
0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,
0x20,0x20,0x3F,0x21,0x20,0x00,0x01,0x00,//r 82
0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,
0x00,0x33,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x24,0x19,0x00,//s 83
0x00,0x80,0x80,0xE0,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x00,0x00,//t 84
0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,
0x00,0x1F,0x20,0x20,0x20,0x10,0x3F,0x20,//u 85
0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,
0x00,0x01,0x0E,0x30,0x08,0x06,0x01,0x00,//v 86
0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,
0x0F,0x30,0x0C,0x03,0x0C,0x30,0x0F,0x00,//w 87
0x00,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,
0x00,0x20,0x31,0x2E,0x0E,0x31,0x20,0x00,//x 88
0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,
0x80,0x81,0x8E,0x70,0x18,0x06,0x01,0x00,//y 89
0x00,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x80,0x00,
0x00,0x21,0x30,0x2C,0x22,0x21,0x30,0x00,//z 90
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x80,0x7C,0x02,0x02,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x3F,0x40,0x40,//{ 91
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0xFF,0x00,0x00,0x00,//| 92
0x00,0x02,0x02,0x7C,0x80,0x00,0x00,0x00,
0x00,0x40,0x40,0x3F,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//} 93
0x00,0x06,0x01,0x01,0x02,0x02,0x04,0x04,
0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,0x00,//~ 94
};
#endif
main.c
#include "stm32f10x.h" // Device header
#include "Delay.h"
#include "OLED.h"
int main(void)
{
/*模块初始化*/
OLED_Init();//OLED初始化
/*OLED显示*/
OLED_ShowChar(1, 1, 'A');//1行1列显示字符A
OLED_ShowString(1, 3, "HelloWorld!");//1行3列显示字符串HelloWorld!
OLED_ShowNum(2, 1, 12345, 5);//2行1列显示十进制数字12345,长度为5
OLED_ShowSignedNum(2, 7, -66, 2);//2行7列显示有符号十进制数字-66,长度为2
OLED_ShowHexNum(3, 1, 0xAA55, 4);//3行1列显示十六进制数字0xA5A5,长度为4
OLED_ShowBinNum(4, 1, 0xAA55, 16);//4行1列显示二进制数字0xA5A5,长度为16
//C语言无法直接写出二进制数字,故需要用十六进制表示
while (1)
{
}
}
原文地址:https://blog.csdn.net/m0_74712453/article/details/137824509
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