kubernetes笔记（四）
一、Pod调度策略
1.基于节点的调度
spec->nodeName
[root@master ~]# vim myhttp.yaml
---
kind: Pod
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: myhttp
spec:
nodeName: node-0001 # 基于节点名称进行调度
containers:
- name: apache
image: myos:httpd
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f myhttp.yaml
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -o wide2.标签管理
1）查询标签
--show-labels
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods --show-labels
[root@master ~]# kubectl get namespaces --show-labels
[root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes --show-labels 2）使用标签过滤
在查询命令后面加: -l 标签名称
# 使用标签过滤资源对象
[root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes -l kubernetes.io/hostname=master3）添加标签
kubectl label ~~~
[root@master ~]# kubectl label pod myhttp app=apache
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods --show-labels 4）删除标签
kubectl label ~~~ 标签名称-
[root@master ~]# kubectl label pod myhttp app-
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods --show-labels 5）资源文件标签
metadata->lebels->键值对
[root@master ~]# vim myhttp.yaml
---
kind: Pod
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: myhttp
labels: # 声明标签
app: apache # 标签键值对
spec:
containers:
- name: apache
image: myos:httpd
[root@master ~]# kubectl delete pods myhttp
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f myhttp.yaml
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods --show-labels 3.基于标签的调度
[root@master ~]# kubectl get nodes node-0002 --show-labels
[root@master ~]# vim myhttp.yaml
---
kind: Pod
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: myhttp
labels:
app: apache
spec:
nodeSelector: # 基于节点标签进行调度
kubernetes.io/hostname: node-0002 # 标签
containers:
- name: apache
image: myos:httpd
[root@master ~]# kubectl delete pods myhttp
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f myhttp.yaml
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -l app=apache -o wide4.容器调度
[root@master ~]# kubectl label nodes node-0002 node-0003 disktype=ssd
[root@master ~]# vim myhttp.yaml
---
kind: Pod
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: myhttp
labels:
app: apache
spec:
nodeSelector:
disktype: ssd
containers:
- name: apache
image: myos:httpd
[root@master ~]# sed "s,myhttp,web1," myhttp.yaml |kubectl apply -f -
[root@master ~]# sed "s,myhttp,web2," myhttp.yaml |kubectl apply -f -
[root@master ~]# sed "s,myhttp,web3," myhttp.yaml |kubectl apply -f -
[root@master ~]# sed "s,myhttp,web4," myhttp.yaml |kubectl apply -f -
[root@master ~]# sed "s,myhttp,web5," myhttp.yaml |kubectl apply -f -
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods -o wide1）清理实验配置（根据标签删除容器，再删除标签）
[root@master ~]# kubectl delete pod -l app=apache
[root@master ~]# kubectl label nodes node-0002 node-0003 disktype-二、Pod资源配额
1.资源对象文件
[root@master ~]# vim minpod.yaml
---
kind: Pod
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: minpod
spec:
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 0
containers:
- name: linux
image: myos:8.5
command: ["awk", "BEGIN{while(1){}}"]2.内存资源配额
spec->containers->resources->requests->memory
[root@master ~]# vim minpod.yaml
---
kind: Pod
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: minpod
spec:
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 0
nodeSelector: # 配置 Pod 调度节点
kubernetes.io/hostname: node-0003 # 在 node-0003 节点创建
containers:
- name: linux
image: myos:8.5
command: ["awk", "BEGIN{while(1){}}"]
resources: # 资源策略
requests: # 配额策略
memory: 1100Mi # 内存配额
# 验证配额策略
[root@master ~]# for i in app{1..5};do sed "s,minpod,${i}," minpod.yaml;done |kubectl apply -f -
# 清理实验配置
[root@master ~]# kubectl delete pod --all3.计算资源配额
spec->containers->resources->requests->cpu
[root@master ~]# vim minpod.yaml
---
kind: Pod
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: minpod
spec:
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 0
nodeSelector:
kubernetes.io/hostname: node-0003
containers:
- name: linux
image: myos:8.5
command: ["awk", "BEGIN{while(1){}}"]
resources:
requests:
cpu: 800m # 计算资源配额
# 验证配额策略
[root@master ~]# for i in app{1..5};do sed "s,minpod,${i}," minpod.yaml;done |kubectl apply -f -
[root@master ~]# kubectl get pods
# 清理实验配置
[root@master ~]# kubectl delete pod --all4.综合资源配额
spec->containers->resources->requests->xxx
[root@master ~]# vim minpod.yaml
---
kind: Pod
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: minpod
spec:
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 0
nodeSelector:
kubernetes.io/hostname: node-0003
containers:
- name: linux
image: myos:8.5
command: ["awk", "BEGIN{while(1){}}"]
resources:
requests:
cpu: 800m # 计算资源配额
memory: 1100Mi # 内存资源配额三、Pod资源限额
1.限额内存CPU
spec->containers->resources->limits->cpu/memory等
# 创建限额资源对象文件
[root@master ~]# vim maxpod.yaml
---
kind: Pod
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: maxpod
spec:
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 0
containers:
- name: linux
image: myos:8.5
command: ["awk", "BEGIN{while(1){}}"]
resources:
limits:
cpu: 800m
memory: 2000Mi
[root@master ~]# kubectl apply -f maxpod.yaml 2.验证内存限额
[root@master ~]# kubectl cp memtest.py maxpod:/usr/bin/
[root@master ~]# kubectl exec -it maxpod -- /bin/bash
[root@maxpod /]# memtest.py 2500
[root@maxpod /]# memtest.py 15003.验证CPU限额
[root@master ~]# kubectl exec -it maxpod -- ps aux
[root@master ~]# kubectl top pods
# 清理实验 Pod
[root@master ~]# kubectl delete pod maxpod四、全局资源管理
1.LimitRange
1）默认配额策略
spec->limits->default
spec->limits->defaultRequest
# 创建名称空间
[root@master ~]# kubectl create namespace work
namespace/work created
# 设置默认配额
[root@master ~]# vim limit.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: LimitRange
metadata:
name: mylimit
namespace: work
spec:
limits:
- type: Container
default:
cpu: 300m
memory: 500Mi
defaultRequest:
cpu: 8m
memory: 8Mi
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work apply -f limit.yaml验证配额策略
[root@master ~]# vim maxpod.yaml
---
kind: Pod
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: maxpod
spec:
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 0
containers:
- name: linux
image: myos:8.5
command: ["awk", "BEGIN{while(1){}}"]
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work apply -f maxpod.yaml
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work describe pod maxpod
... ...
Limits:
cpu: 300m
memory: 500Mi
Requests:
cpu: 10m
memory: 8Mi
... ...
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work top pods2）自定义资源
spec->containers->resources->requests->xx
spec->containers->resources->limits->xx
[root@master ~]# vim maxpod.yaml
---
kind: Pod
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: maxpod
spec:
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 0
containers:
- name: linux
image: myos:8.5
command: ["awk", "BEGIN{while(1){}}"]
resources:
requests:
cpu: 10m
memory: 10Mi
limits:
cpu: 1100m
memory: 2000Mi
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work delete -f maxpod.yaml
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work apply -f maxpod.yaml
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work describe pod maxpod
... ...
Limits:
cpu: 1100m
memory: 2000Mi
Requests:
cpu: 10m
memory: 10Mi
... ...
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work top pods maxpod3）资源配额范围
spec->limits->max->cpu/memory等
spec->limits->min->cpu/memory等
[root@master ~]# vim limit.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: LimitRange
metadata:
name: mylimit
namespace: work
spec:
limits:
- type: Container
default:
cpu: 300m
memory: 500Mi
defaultRequest:
cpu: 8m
memory: 8Mi
max:
cpu: 800m
memory: 1000Mi
min:
cpu: 2m
memory: 8Mi
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work apply -f limit.yaml
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work delete -f maxpod.yaml
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work apply -f maxpod.yaml 4）多容器资源配额
spec->containers->resources->requests->xxx
spec->containers->resources->limits->xxx
[root@master ~]# vim maxpod.yaml
---
kind: Pod
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: maxpod
spec:
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 0
containers:
- name: linux
image: myos:8.5
command: ["awk", "BEGIN{while(1){}}"]
resources:
requests:
cpu: 10m
memory: 10Mi
limits:
cpu: 800m
memory: 1000Mi
- name: linux1
image: myos:8.5
command: ["awk", "BEGIN{while(1){}}"]
resources:
requests:
cpu: 10m
memory: 10Mi
limits:
cpu: 800m
memory: 1000Mi
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work apply -f maxpod.yaml
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work get pods
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work top pods maxpod5）Pod资源配额
[root@master ~]# vim limit.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: LimitRange
metadata:
name: mylimit
namespace: work
spec:
limits:
- type: Container
default:
cpu: 300m
memory: 500Mi
defaultRequest:
cpu: 8m
memory: 8Mi
max:
cpu: 800m
memory: 1000Mi
min:
cpu: 2m
memory: 8Mi
- type: Pod
max:
cpu: 1200m
memory: 1200Mi
min:
cpu: 2m
memory: 8Mi
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work apply -f limit.yaml
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work delete -f maxpod.yaml
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work apply -f maxpod.yaml 多个Pod消耗资源
[root@master ~]# vim maxpod.yaml
---
kind: Pod
apiVersion: v1
metadata:
name: maxpod
spec:
terminationGracePeriodSeconds: 0
containers:
- name: linux
image: myos:8.5
command: ["awk", "BEGIN{while(1){}}"]
resources:
requests:
cpu: 10m
memory: 10Mi
limits:
cpu: 800m
memory: 1000Mi
# 创建太多Pod，资源也会耗尽
[root@master ~]# for i in app{1..9};do sed "s,maxpod,${i}," maxpod.yaml ;done |kubectl -n work apply -f -
# Pod 创建成功后，查看节点资源使用情况
[root@master ~]# kubectl top nodes
# 清理实验配置
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work delete pods --all2.ResourceQuota
1）全局配额策略
spec->hard->requests.cpu
spec->hard->requests.memory
spec->hard->limits.cpu
spec->hard->limits.memory
spec->hard->pod->数值
[root@master ~]# vim quota.yaml
---
apiVersion: v1
kind: ResourceQuota
metadata:
name: myquota
namespace: work
spec:
hard:
requests.cpu: 1000m
requests.memory: 2000Mi
limits.cpu: 5000m
limits.memory: 8Gi
pods: 3
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work apply -f quota.yaml 验证quota配额
[root@master ~]# for i in app{1..5};do sed "s,maxpod,${i}," maxpod.yaml ;done |kubectl -n work apply -f -
# 删除实验 Pod 与限额规则
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work delete pods --all
[root@master ~]# kubectl -n work delete -f limit.yaml -f quota.yaml
[root@master ~]# kubectl delete namespace work原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/qq_42750608/article/details/142686289
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