pyside6中使用matplotlib画折线图

pyside6中使用matplotlib画折线图

import sys
import time
import random
import numpy as np
from datetime import datetime, timedelta
from PySide6.QtWidgets import QApplication, QMainWindow, QVBoxLayout, QWidget
from PySide6.QtCore import QTimer
from matplotlib.backends.backend_qtagg import FigureCanvasQTAgg, NavigationToolbar2QT
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
from matplotlib.widgets import SpanSelector
from matplotlib.dates import date2num, num2date, DateFormatter
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt

# 设置字体为SimHei显示中文
plt.rcParams['font.sans-serif']=['SimHei']
# 设置正常显示符号
plt.rcParams['axes.unicode_minus']=False



class DynamicPlot(FigureCanvasQTAgg):
    def __init__(self, parent=None, width=5, height=4, dpi=100):
        fig = Figure(figsize=(width, height), dpi=dpi)
        self.axes = fig.add_subplot(111)
        super().__init__(fig)

        self.xdata, self.ydata = [], []
        self.line = None
        self.timer = QTimer()
        self.timer.timeout.connect(self.update_plot)
        self.timer.start(1000)

        self.axes.grid(True, linestyle=':')
        self.axes.set_xlabel('Time')
        self.axes.set_ylabel('Value')

        # 设置x轴为日期格式，并指定日期格式化器
        self.axes.xaxis_date()
        self.axes.xaxis.set_major_formatter(DateFormatter('%H:%M:%S'))
        self.axes.fmt_xdata = DateFormatter('%H:%M:%S')

        # 假设第一个数据点的时间为start_time
        start_time = self.xdata[0] if self.xdata else datetime.now()

        # 在数据序列开始之前添加一个(0,0)的点
        self.xdata.insert(0, start_time - timedelta(seconds=1))
        self.ydata.insert(0, 0)

        # 设置x轴的初始范围，确保包含(0,0)点
        self.axes.set_xlim(start_time - timedelta(seconds=1), start_time + timedelta(hours=1))
        # 设置y轴的初始范围，确保包含0
        self.axes.set_ylim(0, max(self.ydata) if self.ydata else 200)


        # 初始化时设置坐标轴范围
        self.axes.set_xlim(datetime.min, datetime.min + timedelta(minutes=1))
        self.axes.set_ylim(0, 200)

        self.line, = self.axes.plot([], [], 'o-', lw=1, ms=2)

        self.span = SpanSelector(self.axes, self.onselect, 'horizontal', useblit=True,
                                 props=dict(alpha=0.5, facecolor='red'),
                                 interactive=True, drag_from_anywhere=True)

        # 标记坐标轴范围已设置的标志
        self.xlim_set = False

    def update_plot(self):
        current_time = datetime.now()
        if len(self.ydata) < 20:
            self.xdata.append(current_time)
            self.ydata.append(random.randint(0, 200))
        self.line.set_data(self.xdata, self.ydata)

        # 确保x轴的范围至少包含(0,0)点
        self.axes.set_xlim(self.xdata[0], self.xdata[-1])
        # 确保y轴的范围包含0
        self.axes.set_ylim(0, max(self.ydata) if self.ydata else 200)

        # 如果是第一次添加数据点，设置坐标轴范围
        if not self.xlim_set:
            self.axes.set_xlim(self.xdata[0], self.xdata[-1])
            self.axes.set_ylim(0, max(self.ydata))
            self.xlim_set = True

        # 每次更新数据后，重新计算轴的极限并重新缩放视图
        self.axes.relim()
        self.axes.autoscale_view()
        self.draw()

    def onselect(self, xmin, xmax):
        xdata = np.array(self.xdata)
        ydata = np.array(self.ydata)

        xdata_numeric = date2num(xdata)

        indmin, indmax = np.searchsorted(xdata_numeric, (xmin, xmax))
        indmax = min(len(xdata) - 1, int(indmax))

        region_x = xdata[indmin:indmax]
        region_y = ydata[indmin:indmax]

        if len(region_y) == 0:
            print("No data selected.")
            return

        min_val = np.min(region_y)
        max_val = np.max(region_y)
        avg_val = np.mean(region_y)
        cumsum_val = np.sum(region_y)

        mid_index = (indmin + indmax) // 2

        # 确保mid_index在有效范围内
        if mid_index >= len(region_x):
            mid_index = len(region_x) - 1

        mid_x = region_x[mid_index]

        for txt in self.axes.texts:
            txt.remove()

        self.axes.text(mid_x, max_val, f"最大: {max_val:.9f}\n最小: {min_val:.9f}\n平均: {avg_val:.9f}\n总和: {cumsum_val:.9f}",
                       transform=self.axes.transData, fontsize=8,
                       verticalalignment='top', bbox=dict(boxstyle="round", fc="w", ec="0.5", alpha=0.9))

        self.draw_idle()

class MainWindow(QMainWindow):
    def __init__(self):
        super().__init__()

        dp = DynamicPlot(self, width=5, height=4, dpi=100)

        layout = QVBoxLayout()
        layout.addWidget(dp)
        toolbar = NavigationToolbar2QT(dp, self)
        layout.addWidget(toolbar)

        container = QWidget()
        container.setLayout(layout)
        self.setCentralWidget(container)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    app = QApplication(sys.argv)
    w = MainWindow()
    w.show()
    sys.exit(app.exec())

原文地址：https://blog.csdn.net/hyd_csdn/article/details/140697023

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